【作者】 郝二旭；

【导师】 施萍婷； 郑炳林；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 历史文献学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 在莫高窟藏经洞出土的敦煌文献中有大量与唐五代时期农业相关的文字记载,是研究这一时期敦煌地区政治、经济、文化、军事、宗教的重要资料。同时,在敦煌莫高窟、安西榆林窟等石窟的壁画中还有大量描绘农业生产场景的农作图,生动的反映了当时的农业生产技术发展水平。二者相互补充,共同展现了唐五代时期敦煌地区的农业社会生产、生活的基本面貌。本文以敦煌文献中的文字记载和诸石窟壁画中的农作图为主要研究对象,对唐五代时期的敦煌农业进行了有针对性的研究。文章分上下两篇,上篇为农业生产篇,共三章。第一章首先对敦煌地区的地形、气候、水文、动植物资源等作了简单的介绍,并对当地的农业开发历史进行了必要的回顾。第二章讨论了唐五代时期敦煌的农业生产技术,主要涉及土地耕整与播种技术、田间管理技术和粮食收获与加工技术。第三章主要围绕当时敦煌地区的农作物及其种植比例的变化展开了研究,探讨了唐五代时期敦煌地区的主要农作物品种和种植制度、麦粟种植比例的变化以及水稻种植的兴起与哀落。文章的下篇为农业社会篇,共分四章。其中,第四章主要对不同阶段的土地制度进行了简要的叙述。第五章对唐前期、吐蕃统治时期、归义军统治时期敦煌农业人口的增减、身份的变化、负担的轻重等进行了对比分析。第六章主要分析了不同阶段农业生产条件的变化以及由此带来的生产方式的转变。第七章主要讨论了唐五代时期的农业生产对绿洲生态环境的影响、农业社会生活对生态环境的影响以及当时的环境保护措施等方面的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are a lot of agriculture-related written records in Dunhuang Manuscripts that was excavated in Mogao Caves. It is important material to research the politics, economy, culture, military and religion of Dunhuang during Tang and Five Dynasties. In the meantime, there are a lot of murals in Mogao Caves and Yulin Caves that portray the scenes of agricultural labor. They reflect the productive technique of agriculture during Tang and Five Dynasties. The manuscripts and the murals supplement each other. They show the basic features of life and production of Dunhuang agricultural society.According to Dunhuang Manuscripts, murals and other historical materials, this thesis expatiates on the agriculture in Dunhuang during Tang and Five Dynasties on the base of former researches. It consists of two volumes. The first volume researches on the agricultural production. It consists of three chapters. In chapterⅠ, the author introduces the terrain, climate, hydrology, wild animals, wild plants of Dunhuang, and reviews its history of agricultural production. In chapterⅡ, the author discusses the productive technique of Dunhuang during Tang and Five Dynasties. It includes ploughing techniques, sowing techniques, tending techniques, reaping techniques and processing techniques. In chapterⅢ, the author researches on the crops and the change of planting proportion. It includes the kind of crops, planting system and the change of planting proportion between wheat and millet. Base on such argument, this chapter discusses the rise and fall of rice planting.The second volume of this thesis researches on the agricultural society of Dunhuang. It consists of four chapters. In chapterⅣ, we can see the different land system of Dunhuang during Tang and Five Dynasties. In chapterⅤ, the author analyzes the increase or decrease, the change of identity and the weight of burden to agricultural population during early period of the Tang Dynasty, Tubo period and Guiyijun period. In chapterⅥ, we can see the change of productive conditions of agriculture during Tang and Five Dynasties. Then the methods of production that link to it were changed too. In chapterⅦ, the author mainly researches on three questions. The first question is the agricultural production how to influence the environment of oasis. The second question is the agricultural society how to influence the environment of oasis. The third question is the people how to protect the environment during Tang and Five Dynasties.更多还原