【作者】 滕海峰；

【导师】 高新才；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 区域经济学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 随着经济社会的快速发展,农户家庭收入来源多元化,农户收入有了大幅度的提高。但作为农户最重要、最原始的生产资料,土地承担农户最基本的生存保障功能并没有退化,是否仍然对农户家庭劳动力生产行为产生影响并最终影响农户收入?由于农户收入既受到农户生产要素投入(劳动、土地、资金和技术等)的影响,也受到其他因素的影响,如地理环境、区位条件、国家政策等,而同时农户生产要素的投入亦受到众多因素的影响,本论文单独提出土地要素来分析其对农户劳动力、资金及技术等要素投入的影响,进而分析对农户收入的影响。本文基于现实背景和理论基础,通过对甘肃省榆中县青城镇344家农户的调查,采用二项分类Logistic回归模型和多元线性回归模型,对土地要素对农户用工行为、生产性投资行为、农业技术采用行为和农户收入的影响分别进行了实证研究,旨在分析土地要素对农户投入劳力、资金、技术等行为及农户收入的影响方向和影响程度,并依据研究结论,提出相关政策建议。通过实证研究发现：假定其他条件不变的情况下,1.土要要素条件与农户家庭劳动力外出务工的概率成反比,与农户从事以日光温室为主的设施农业概率成正比,具体指：土地条件好的农户,尤其拥有宜建日光温室土地的农户,只要家中劳力充足,一般都将经营日光温室作为农户的主要收入来源；而土地条件较差,又没有从事本地非农行业,农户家庭劳动力外出务工以期获得较高工资性收入。在获取同等收入水平条件下,农户家庭劳动力更倾向于本地就业。2.土地要素条件与农户家庭生产性流动资金投入呈正相关关系。当农户土地要素条件优越并对农业生产收入有较高预期时,农户农业生产的积极性越高,生产性流动资金投入越多,反之投入越少,体现了农户“理性”行为特征。3.土地要素条件与农户农技投入呈正相关关系。当土地要素条件满足农户转变农业生产方式以提高生产率,且对农业收入有较高预期时,农户倾向于增加农业科技投入。4.土地要素条件对农户农业收入产生正向影响,对农户非农业收入产生负向影响,但对农户收入水平影响不显著。另外,农户收入与农户家庭劳动力数成正比,与农户家庭人均收入相对贫困呈反比。随着经济社会的发展以及交通通信条件的便利,农户家庭劳动力职业转换的成本极大下降,增收渠道多元化。由于农户总是处于利弊得失权衡的过程中,结合自身资源禀赋条件,总是倾向于选择利益最大化的从业行为,而不论是外出务工还是转变土地经营模式。在此过程中,土地要素条件对农户家庭劳动力用工方式及农户农业生产过程中的生产性流动资金投入和农技采用行为产生行为以及农户收入构成影响显著,而对农户行为结果——农户收入整体水平影响不显著。结合实证研究结论,提出下列政策建议：健全公益性农业技术推广体系,促进现代农业发展；提供信息咨询服务,帮助农户合理决策；尊重农户意愿,进一步搞活土地流转市场；支持农民专业合作社发展,提高农业经营组织化程度；建立健全社会保障体系,增强增收信心和抗风险能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid economic and social development, rural household income has increased significantly and its sources have been diversifying. As the most important and original means of production for household, the land undertakes the most basic life-support function for household. Whether are still land factors affect the household behavours and ultimately household income? Not only productive factor inputs (including labor、land、capital、technology, etc.), but also other factors (including geographical environment、location condition、national policy, etc.) effect rural household income,while productive factor inputs are depend on many factors, so this paper mainly analyzed the influence of land elements on farmer’s Production Behavior and rural household income.Based on survey data of 344 rural households from Yuzhong County in Gansu, the study, which using Logistic Model and Multiple Linear Regression, researched the effects of land elements on employment、investment、adopting technology and income of household. according to research findings, policy recommendations are put forward.The results showed that:assuming other conditions remain unchanged,1. The condition of land elements has a negative correlation with probability of labor force migrant working, while a positive correlation with the probability of farmers management of facility agriculture.2. The condition of land elements has a positive correlation with productive investment of household, showing the greater amount of productive capital investment households tend to make when having higher agricultural income expectations.3. The condition of land elements has a positive correlation with investment for household to adopt agriculture technology.4. The condition of land elements has a positive correlation with agricultural income, a negative correlation with non-agricultural income, but nonsignificant on household income.At the same time, the household income has a positive correlation with number of household labors and a negative correlatioin with relative poverty of per capita household income. The cost of Changing careers for household labors decreases greatly and income source is diversifying with the improvement of the conditions of transportation and communications.Because of always being weighing the advantage and disadvantage,household tends to pursue the own benefit maximization,whether working outside or changing land management model. In this process, the condition of land elements has a significant correlation with farmer’s employment,investment in agriculture and household income structure,while a non-significant influence on household income.With empirical results, the following policy recommendations:1.Improving the welfare of agricultural technology popularization system,and promoting the development of modern agriculture.2.Providing information consulting services to help farmers and reasonable decision-making.3.Enlivening land circulation market in respect wishes of households.4. Supporting the development of farmer cooperatives to improve the degree of organization of agricultural operations.5.Establishing a sound social security system to enhance confidence and ability for households to resist risks increase.更多还原