【作者】 宋莎莎；

【导师】 赵广杰；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 木材科学与技术， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 为了定量描述、表达和评价木材细胞堆砌构造图案的模样特征,获取更多有关木材宏、微观构造图案无法感知的信息。本研究采用分形盒维数法、感性语意微分法、事件相关电位以及模糊综合评价法,对我国东北地区18种商品材树种(针叶树材6种,阔叶树材12种)的宏、微观细胞堆砌构造图案进行了分形维数表征、情感心理表达、生理感觉表达的研究,建立了分形维数、心理量、生理量三者之间关系模型的综合评价体系,并进行了分形图案的设计应用。旨在为今后木材构造图案的深入研究奠定了基础,尤其是能够在生活中发挥木材构造图案的环境学特性。本研究得到如下结论：1.木材宏、微观细胞堆砌构造图案具有粗糙度和秩序度的分形特征。阔叶树材的宏观弦切面、微观三切面构造图案分形维数较高,说明阔叶树材宏、微观构造图案的粗糙度、秩序度较复杂。针、阔叶树材微观构造图案的分形维数一般变化规律为：横切面>弦切面>径切面。树脂道、管孔、木薄壁组织的存在不同程度影响了树种微观构造图案分形维数。2.木材宏、微观细胞堆砌构造图案的情感心理反应在感官、情感和评价三个维度中表现为,多数针叶树材宏观构造图案分布于“光滑-柔软”象限,具有自然实用性；多数阔叶树材宏观构造图案分布于“粗糙-坚硬”象限,具有自然装饰性。多数针叶树材微观构造图案较光滑、简约、规则,给人以沉稳、柔和、精致、优美的感觉：多数阔叶树材微观构造图案的秩序复杂,给人适中的感觉,两者都具有良好的装饰性。3.木材宏、微观细胞堆砌构造图案的生理感觉,通过事件相关电位(ERPs)的P2和晚期成分LPP (late posterior positive)表达。阔叶树材宏观构造图案,以及针叶树材微观三切面构造图案诱发P2、LPP波幅大,表明引起人们视觉认知加工的敏感性和情绪体验的积极性。阔叶树材宏观构造图案纹理较复杂、变化多样,引起人们视觉认知加工的敏感性。针叶树材微观构造图案比较柔和、优美,同样引起人们视觉刺激反应的敏感性。4.建立了分形维数、心理量、生理量三者之间关系模型的综合评价体系,以3个一级评价指标和7个二级评价指标为因素,一级评价指标因素的权重顺序为：心理量(0.445)>生理量(0.32)>分形量(0.235)。测定的木材细胞堆砌构造图案的模糊综合评价结果都处于“良好”以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present study aims to provide a quantitative description, expression and evaluation of the apparent characteristics of the macroscopic and microscopic cell-piled structure patterns of wood in order to acquire further information relating to the structure patterns of wood which cannot be perceptible by the approach. Based on the fractal box-counting method, Kansei semantic differential method, and the event related potential and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the research examines the macroscopic and microscopic cell-piled structure patterns of 18 species of wood in northeast China (6 species of softwood and 12 species of hardwood), which from fractal dimension characterization, emotional psychology expression, and physical sensation expression, and establishes the comprehensive evaluation system among fractal parameters, psychological parameters and physiological parameters relation model. The purpose of this study is to lay a foundation for the further study of wood structural patterns, especially to play environmental characteristics of wood structural patterns in life.The results of this study were as follows:1. Wood macroscopic and microscopic cell-piled structure patterns had fractal features of roughness and order. The macroscopic tangential section and microscopic tri-sectional structure patterns of hardwood had higher fractal dimensions, such that the macroscopic and microscopic cell-pilled structure patterns of hardwood was more rough, complex order. The general change rule for the microscopic structure patterns of fractal dimension of softwood and hardwood trees was: transverse section>tangential section>radial section. The existence of resin canals, vessels, wood parenchyma can influence the fractal dimension changes of the microscopic structure patterns of wood to various degrees.2. Psychological and emotional reactions to macroscopic and microscopic cell-piled structure patterns of wood in three dimensions such as sensation, emotion and evaluation, most macroscopic structure patterns of softwood distributed in "smooth-soft" quadrant, and had natural practicability; most macroscopic structure patterns of hardwood distributed in "rough-hard"quadrant,and had natural decorative; most microscopic structure patterns of softwood were more smooth, concise, regular, and giving a sense of calm, mellow, exquisite and beautiful feeling; most microscopic structure patterns of hardwood order complex, gave people the moderate feeling, they both had good decorative.3. The physical sensation expressed through the P2 and LPP (Late posterior positive) component of Event Related Potentials (ERPs) with the macroscopic and microscopic cell-piled structure patterns of wood. Macroscopic structure patterns of hardwood and microscopic tri-sectional structure patterns of softwood resulted in larger P2 and LPP amplitudes, leading to the sensitivity of people’s visual cognitive processing and the positivity of emotional experience. Being complex and diverse, the macroscopic structure patterns of hardwood cause the sensitivity of people’s visual cognitive processing. Being soft and beautiful, the microscopic structure patterns of softwood, which make people to react sensitivity with visual stimuli.4. The study established comprehensive evaluation system among fractal dimension, psychological parameters and physiological parameters relation model, made three first-order evaluation index and seven secondary evaluation index as factors, the result of weighting sequence of first-order evaluation index factor was as follows:psychological parameters(0.445)> physiological parameters (0.32)> fractal parameters (0.235). The results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of wood structure patterns are above "good".更多还原