【作者】 张飞；

【导师】 王焕玉； 周永钊；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学技术大学 ， 物理电子学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 高分辨太阳软X射线谱仪(简称SOX)是国内某太阳探测卫星的6个科学探测载荷之一。其主要探测任务是实现对太阳软X射线的高分辨能谱测量。主要科学目标是研究太阳耀斑软X射线辐射特征与热等离子体的演化,获取耀斑热辐射中连续谱和谱线(主要是6.7keV附近的Fe XXV与8keV附近的Fe/Ni线),以及热等离子体的温度、辐射标度和日冕元素丰度等参数的变化信息。另外SOX将作为太阳高分辨宽波段高能辐射谱仪(HEBS)的补充共同实现对太阳低能X射线到高能Gamma射线(1keV~600MeV)的探测。硅漂移室探测器(SDD)具有体积小、内部集成制冷、分辨率高(FWHM最好可到130eV)、死时间小等优点,可以实现对中低能X射线的能谱进行精确测量。因此高分辨太阳软X射线谱仪中我们采用两路硅漂移室探测器分别对太阳X射线的中低能区的1-15keV和4-30keV能谱进行测量。两路探测器的交叉覆盖能谱5-10keV可以确保对太阳6.7keV和8keV附近的Fe、Ni离子谱线的探测。我们设计的高分辨太阳X射线谱仪载荷原理样机主要包括前端探测器读出电路,数据采集单元,数据管理单元和供电单元几个部分。论文分析了高分辨太阳软X射线谱仪的物理需求和设计方案,重点介绍了谱仪原理样机的数据采集单元和载荷数据管理单元的电子学软硬件设计。数据采集单元对两路前端探测器的输出信号进行幅度采集、能谱累积和率计统计,对系统的工作电压、温度等信息进行监测,并打包成多种类型的数据包通过LVDS总线传送给载荷数据管理单元。载荷数据管理单元负责与卫星公共数管进行通信,通过1553B总线与卫星公共数管之间进行遥控和遥测通信,通过LVDS总线转发数据采集单元的科学数据包到卫星的公共数管。我们还设计了地面测试系统来模拟卫星公共数管的功能与SOX谱仪载荷进行1553B和LVDS总线的数据通讯。通过地面测试系统对SOX谱仪原理样机的功能进行了测试,测试表明设计的样机各项指标满足的物理需求。论文最后对SOX谱仪原理样机做了总结,并对未来进一步的工作做出了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The high resolution solar soft X-ray spectrometer (SOX) is being developed as one of the six scientific payloads onboard a solar exploration satellite. Its main mission is to measure the solar soft X-ray energy spectrum. The main scientific purpose of the SOX spectrometer is to research on the evolution of thermal plasma and the characteristics of the X-ray radiation of solar flares, to get the continuous spectrum and lines (mainly the Fe XXV line near 6.7keV and the Fe/Ni line near 8keV) of solar flare thermal radiation and to study the changes of the thermal plasma temperature, radiation emission measure and coronal abundances. The SOX spectrometer is also served as a supplementary for the High Energy Burst Spectrometer (HEBS) to measure the solar energy spectrum from low energy X-ray to Gammar ray(1keV～600Mev).The Silicon Drift Detector (SDD) with features of high resolution (better than 130eV@5.9keV), small size, internal integration of refrigeration and high count rate, can precisely measure the middle and low energy X-ray. Therefore two SDD detectors are adopted in SOX spectrometer to measure the solar X-ray spectra in the energy range of 1-15keV and 4-30keV, respectively. The overlapped energy range of 5-10keV can cover the measurement of the Fe/Li ion lines near 6.7keV and 8keV. The prototype of the high resolution solar X-ray spectrometer includes readout circuit for the front detectors, data acquisition unit, payload handling data unit and power supply unit.The physical requirements and project design of the high resolution solar soft X-ray spectrometer are introduced in this article. The electronics hardware and software design of data acquision (DAQ) unit and payload data handling unit (PDHU) are specially described in detail. The DAQ unit is responsible for data acquisition of two detectors, housekeeping data monitoring (voltage, temperature, etc.) and transfering data to PDHU. The PDHU is used to process telecommands, control DAQ system operation and communicate between SOX and satelite on-board data handling (OBDH). A ground test system which is adopted to communicate with SOX payload through LVDS bus and 1553B bus and test the functions of the SOX payload is also designed to simulate the functions of satellite OBDH. The test results are shown that the performences of the prototype of the SOX payload satisfies the physical requirements for solar soft X-ray measurement.The summary for developing the prototype of the SOX spectrometer and the prospects of future work are introduced in the end.更多还原