【作者】 蓝波涛；

【导师】 崔延强；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 马克思主义基本原理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 大学生是中国特色社会主义事业的未来建设者和接班人。他们是否具有科学的民族观,直接关系着我国社会稳定发展和民族团结进步。新时期我国依然存在民族问题,如民族分裂主义、宗教极端主义和暴力恐怖主义等“三股势力”先后煽动民众进行民族分裂,策划了多起民族分裂活动。大学生只有树立科学的马克思主义民族观才能客观地分析民族分裂的本质。进行大学生马克思主义民族观教育研究可以丰富马克思主义民族理论,促进民族学理论和思想政治教育理论的发展；还可以增强大学生的民族意识,提升大学生的民族观的科学性,促进民族问题的解决和民族地区的发展以及社会主义和谐社会的建设。第一章对新时期大学生马克思主义民族观教育进行了理论概述,对其基本概念进行了界定,研究了教育的基本特征、过程和进行教育的重要意义。马克思主义民族观是无产阶级处理民族问题的世界观和方法论,马克思主义民族理论是进行大学生马克思主义民族观教育的主要内容,进行马克思主义民族观教育就是要促使大学生形成科学民族观的实践活动；科学性和价值性、理论性和实践性、主导性和主体性以及社会历史性等从不同的角度对这个教育活动的本质进行了规定。同时,研究了新时期大学生民族观形成发展及其教育的过程,指出了进行马克思主义民族观教育可以促进大学生科学民族观的形成,维护民族团结和各民族共同繁荣,推动民族区域自治制度和民族政策的有效实施。第二章研究了新时期大学生马克思主义民族观教育的理论渊源。马克思恩格斯是马克思主义民族观教育理论的创始人,他们在无产阶级民族运动的伟大实践中形成了科学的民族观念,并创立了进行民族观教育的科学理论体系。列宁斯大林在继承马克思恩格斯民族理论的基础上,在领导俄国社会主义革命和建设过程中形成了列宁斯大林的民族观教育理论。马克思主义民族观教育理论在我国革命和建设的伟大实践中,结合我国的国情,逐步形成了具有中国特色、中国风格和中国气派的民族观教育理论。它们是新时期进行大学生马克思主义民族观教育的理论渊源。第三章以调查问卷的形式研究了新时期大学生民族观的存在问题,并分析了造成这些问题的原因。调查发现,新时期大学生在民族认知、民族情感、民族认同和民族理想方面的主流是坚持马克思主义民族理论的,是积极向上的。但也存在民族实体认知过于感性、民族问题看法略微偏激、民族关系处理有待增强、民族认同和国家认同关系处理欠妥和民族政策意识相对淡薄等问题。当前我国马克思主义民族观教育也存在一些问题,如法规制度保障相对缺乏、学校民族观主渠道主阵地教育存在一些问题等。其成因主要有以下几个方面,当前民族问题的仍然存在,它是“社会性”和“民族性”的有机统一,具有普遍性、长期性、复杂性、国际性和重要性等特点,具体表现为民族政治问题、民族经济问题和民族文化问题等,它是影响大学生民族观的根本原因；当前社会环境的负面影响也会对大学生民族观产生一定的外部刺激,如主要表现为现代生产交往方式、社会教育资源、民族文化的教育作用相对弱化等。第四章分析了新时期大学生马克思主义民族观教育的实践路径。指导思想在方法论体系中处于高层次,它是对大学生进行马克思主义民族观教育所遵循的基本指针。具体表现为坚持科学民族理论的指导,正确处理国家认同、民族认同和宗教信仰之间的关系,进行大学生民族意识的科学发展和协调民族观教育过程的有效实施等。新时期大学生民族观教育的路径主要有社会教育、学校教育和自我教育等。社会教育路径主要是通过制度法规教育、文化产品教育和大众传媒教育来实现的,学校教育是以科学理论作为指导,完善课程设置,选择教育内容,设置教育方法,自我教育主要是通过“民族意识”的自我认知、自我学习、自我调试和自我实践等方面来完成的。结语部分对新时期大学生马克思主义民族观教育的研究进行了总结和展望。新时期大学生马克思主义民族观教育研究是一个具有重要理论价值和实践意义的命题,本研究对其进行初步的探索。还需要进一步加强大学生马克思主义民族观教育的“当前境遇”问题研究、探索新时期大学生马克思主义民族观教育的理论体系和过程规律等。更多还原

【Abstract】 College students, as qualified builders and reliable successors of socialism with Chinese characteristics, have direct effects on the stability, unity and development of our country in that whether or not they have a scientific outlook on ethnic groups. Up to now, national separatists, religious extremists and violent terrorists have incited various separatist activities. The author, therefore, holds that only by setting up scientific outlook within college students, can they discover the evil nature of national separatist activities. The research into the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among contemporary college students can not only enrich Marxist theories on ethnic groups and promote the theoretical development of ethnology and ideological and political education, but strengthen the national awareness of college students, promote the solution of ethnic problems, stimulate the development of ethnic areas as well as the construction of a harmonious society of socialism.A theoretical summary of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among contemporary college students is given in the first chapter. Marxist outlook on ethnic groups is defined as the world outlook and methodology adopted by proletariats to handle ethnic problems; and Marxist theories on ethnic groups, the main contents of education. It is held that the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups means promoting college students to perform activities under guidance of scientific ethnic outlooks. The nature of education, therefore, is defined from different perspectives. And at the same time, the formation and the development of the Marxist outlook on ethnic groups as well as its education process are studied. It means, the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups can promote among college students the formation of scientific outlook on ethnic groups, maintain national unity and prosperity, and promote the effective implementation of regional autonomy and policies favorable to ethnic minorities.The theoretical development of the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among college students is expounded in the second chapter. Marx and Engels, as founders of Marxist education theories on ethnic outlook, formed scientific ethnic outlook in the great practical activity of proletariat national movement and set up a scientific system of education theories. Lenin and Stalin set up their theories in Russian socialist revolution and construction while inheriting the theories of Marx and Engels. All the above-mentioned theories, in their development in China, have integrated with the particular situations, and therefore, formed education theories with Chinese characteristics. They form the theoretical origin of the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among contemporary college students.In the third chapter, the author studies the existing problems in the form of questionnaires. The reasons for these problems are also analyzed. According to the research, contemporary college students have positive attitudes in national recognition, national emotion and national ideals. Problems still lie in over-superficial recognition over the nation, radical attitude towards ethnic problems, improper understanding of ethnic relations, over-intensive sense of ethnic identification and lacking in consciousness of ethnic policies. Other problems in the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among college students include such as lack of support from systems. The reason for such problems is that ethnic problems still exist. It is the organic unity of society and nations. They are universal, prolonged, complex, international and important problems in concrete forms of national political problems, national economic problems, and national cultural problems. All these problems are the fundamental factors that affect the ethnic outlook of college students. Such social environment as modern means of communication, educational resources in the society and the weakening effects of cultural education also exerts negative impact on them.The fourth chapter analyzes the ways to carry out the practical activities of the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among college students. The guiding ideology, which means the basic guideline education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups should follow, stands on the higher level of the whole system. To put it more concrete, the education, guided by the scientific theory of ethnics, should handle, in proper ways, the relations among the recognition of the nation, of ethnic groups and of religious beliefs to carry out the effective education including the education from the society, from the school and from students themselves. The Present methodology on the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among college students include social education which is realized by education of laws and regulations, cultural products and mass media, school education which is realized by improving curriculum, choosing teaching contents, fixing teaching methodology under the guidance of scientific theories, and self-education mainly achieved by self-recognition, self studying, self-adapting, and self-practicing of national awareness.In conclusion, the author makes a summary as well as an outlook for the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among college students. The research is, both theoretically and practically speaking, a proposition of great significance. This dissertation, we are afraid, should only be termed as an initial research, and therefore, such propositions as the present situation, the theoretical system and the process and the rules of the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups among college students wait to be further studied.更多还原