【作者】 杜芝明；

【导师】 黎小龙；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 历史地理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文借助语词(天下、极边、次边、近里、西南蕃等)、文献体例等,运用历史文献逻辑推断法,从边界、边疆空间、边疆民族、疆域等方面对“宋朝边疆地理思想”进行探讨,力图展现出宋人边疆地理思想发展演变的基本面貌。文章结构以宋人的边界观念、边疆层级地理思想、边疆民族地理思想、疆域思想为序进行安排,这主要是基于边界、边疆、边疆民族、疆域四者间的逻辑关系：边疆为靠近边界内侧地带,边疆的主体是边疆少数民族,而边界与边疆围成的区域为疆域。全文共为四章,外加绪论共五个部分。各部分的主要内容如下：绪论部分主要包括选题缘由、选题意义、基本概念、研究对象、研究现状、重难点等内容。第一章,宋人的边界观念。天下格局发生重大变化的情况下,围绕着边界的空间、形态、边界纠纷的处理,宋人的边界观念具有十分显著的特点。在边界空间认识上,呈现出多层次性：理想边界与现实边界并存,疆域的边界与直接统治区域的边界并存。在边界形态认识上,呈现出多样性：线状、带状、点状并存,自然边界与人文边界并存。在边界纠纷处理的对策上,区域性特征和阶段性特征明显。第二章,宋人的边疆层级地理思想。宋人往往通过特定词语的使用来表达对边疆层级的认识的,如极边、次边、近里。本部分就宋人对三个词语内涵的认识、使用情况进行了探讨,形成了如下认识：宋人对边疆空间进行了层级划分；因人因形势的不同,对边疆层级的认识呈现出差异性,或为三个层级,或为两个层级；宋人的边疆层级地理思想存在区域性特征;宋人对边疆层级的划分主要出于军事层级防御、后勤补给等军事战略目的考虑,这也是对严峻周边形势的一种反映。第三章,宋人的边疆民族地理思想。宋朝疆域、少数民族分布的特点决定了西南边疆民族在边疆民族中的重要地位,故该部分以宋人对边疆民族、西南边疆民族的认识为中心进行了探讨。宋人的边疆民族地理思想存在如下特点：首先,宋人华夷五方格局的民族地理思想是大一统国家形成以来,较为完整、整齐的表述,华与夷的空间界线被强化。其次,外国传的出现以及“外国”一词的大量使用体现了以疆域划分民族的地理方法。第三,“杂居中夏”成为宋人认识边疆少数民族的重要标准,同时《禹贡》中边疆少数民族聚居的要服、荒服有了明确空间范围。第四,宋人不仅对西南边疆民族有了界定,而且将其划分成三个相对独立的民族地理单元；西南蕃民族地理思想在宋代正式形成。第四章,宋人的疆域思想。本部分以祖宗之疆为中心对宋人的疆域思想进行探讨。宋人祖宗之疆思想主要包括了两个方面：宋人对疆域空间范围的认识和对疆土的态度。在疆域空间上,宋人祖宗之疆思想呈现出现实性与理想性的特点：既与现实疆域相符,又与之相分离。在对待疆土的态度方面,宋人经历了固守与反对开拓——固守与开拓——恢复祖宗疆土的变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 By using these words (world, Extreme Borderland, Sub-extreme Borderland, Near center area, Southwestern vassal states and so on), and the logic inference method of historical documents, this article will discuss "The frontier geographical concepts in the Song dynasty ", from border. frontier, frontier minority, territory and other aspects,and try to show it’s basic development features. the structure will follow border idea,, frontier geographical degree concepts, and frontier minority geographical concepts, territory concepts to arrange。It is based on the logical relationship of the border, frontier, frontier minority, territory:frontier is the area near the border, the body of frontier is frontier minority, the area that is formed by border、frontier is territory。So, this article have four chapters, including introduction are five parts. Main idea of each part are as followsIntroduction mainly introduces the title reason, meaning, basic concepts, research objects,situation of study,Focal and difficult pointsFirst chapter, border ideas of Song Dynasty. Because the change of The world pattern, around the space, form and border dispute,the border idea of people in Song Dynasty has a very significant characteristic, the boundary spatial recognition presents different levels, ideal border and reality border coexist, the border of territory and the direct rule area coexist, The bordary form recognition shows diversity.linear,ribbon, pointlike coexist,natural boundary and humanistic boundary coexist.The treatmens of border dispute have obvious regional characteristics and gradual characteristics.Second chapter, frontier degree concepts of Song Dynasty.In Song Dynasty, people often use specific words to expresses their frontier degree concepts, like Extreme Borderland, Sub-extreme Borderland, Near center area.This part discusses the understanding and using of those three words in Song Dynasty.and forms following understandings:people in Song Dynasty have carried on the degree division to the territory space; Because of different person and situation,they have different understanding to the frontier degree, may be three levels or two; their frontier geographical concepts also have regional characteristic; In Song Dynasty people indentify frontier degree is for the consider of military defence, supplies etc.This is also a kind of reflection to the stern surronding situation.Third chapter, frontier minority geographical concepts of Song Dynasty. The territory and the characteristic of minority distribution decides southwest frontier minorities have important status.Therefore this part carries on the discussion to the center of the definition of frontier minority and southwest frontier minority in Song Dynasty. Frontier minority geographical concepts of Song Dynasty have following characteristics:First. HuaYi five directions structure in Song Dynasty is the more complete and neat indications since universal countries forms has been build. the space limit of Hua Yi has been strengthened.Next, the appearance of Foreign biography as well as massive uses of "the foreign country" reflects the geographic method of identifing nationality by territory. Third, "lives together in ZhongXia" becomes an important standard to definite frontier minority, at the same time in the "Yu Gong",the yaofu, huangfu of the frontier minorities has clear space range. fourth, people in Song Dynasty didn’t only define the southwest frontier, but also divide it into three relatively independent national geographic units:The geographic concepts of the Southwestern vassal states forms officially in Song Dynasty.Fourth chapter, territory concepts of Song Dynasty. This part carries on the discussion to the center of the territory concepts of the Fathers, which have two mainly thoughts:The knowledge of territory space range and the attitude of territory in Song Dynasty.In the territory space, the territory concepts of the Fathers in this time have reality and ideal characteristics:it doesn’t only match the realistic territory, but also separates.the attitude of the territory in Song Dynasty has go through three stages:defended stubbornly, the opposition of development——defends stubbornly and develops——restores the territory of the Fathers.更多还原