【作者】 王鑫鑫；

【导师】 王宗军；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 企业管理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 商业模式是二十世纪末以来形成和发展的一种理念和分析工具,商业模式的优劣直接关系到企业的利润,影响企业的生存和发展。随着对商业模式这一理念认识的深入,越来越多企业管理者开始把商业模式创新作为企业的重要创新方向之一。软件业是一个不断变化和不断创新的行业,目前正在向网络化、服务化和开放化等方向发展,很多软件企业已经逐渐认识到商业模式创新的必要性并采取了相应的行动。因此,本文在认识软件商业模式创新特征的基础上,从创新动力、创新过程和创新绩效几方面对软件企业商业模式的创新行为展开了研究。本文首先对商业模式和商业模式创新的已有研究文献进行了总结和述评,其中从系统视角、价值创造视角、商业逻辑视角和整体视角梳理了商业模式的定义,比较了不同学者对商业模式组成要素的理解和描述,然后从创新动力、创新途径和创新实施三个方面总结了现有关于商业模式创新研究,并指出了现有研究的贡献与不足。在此基础上,本文对商业模式的概念、要素及其创新进行了界定。为了了解软件企业商业模式的特征,本文从商业模式演变的视角对国际和国内软件产业的发展历程和发展趋势做了分析,发现在软件产业发展过程中,软件企业商业模式的创新主要是渐进式的,这种创新在很多情况下表现为对原有商业模式的补充而不是替代。同时由于软件业的初始投资和进入壁垒都比较低,而一个软件产品受到用户信赖的周期比较长,因此新的软件商业模式出现后可能在短期内出现大量的模仿者,这表现为在新商业模式出现初期有多个企业采用这一个新的商业模式。在分析软件企业商业模式特征之后,本文通过问卷调查收集软件企业商业模式创新的数据,采用多元回归的分析方法对软件企业商业模式创新的动力因素的相关假设进行了实证研究。结果发现软件企业商业模式创新动力主要来自于企业家创新精神和市场需求变化,环境变化对软件企业商业模式创新具有一定推动作用,但受到企业规模的影响。与此前大众认识并不同的是,实证结果还发现利益追求、技术进步和市场竞争三个因素对软件企业商业模式创新并没有直接的推动作用。此外,实证结果显示外部创新动力因素对内部创新动力因素存在着影响。接着,本文采用扎根理论的方法,对八百客和用友软件的商业模式创新过程进行了研究。通过使用扎根理论,得到八百客和用友软件商业模式要素节点之间的相互关系,通过要素节点之间关系变化的情况对两个企业商业模式创新的时点进行分析,并进一步通过Pajek软件将这些关系的变化过程进行可视化操作,最后在比较分析八百客和用友软件各自两次商业模式创新过程的基础上建立了软件企业商业模式创新过程模型。为了对软件企业商业模式创新的结果进行评价,本文借鉴平衡计分卡的思路,并考虑到软件企业的特殊性,从价值定位、价值创造和传递、价值实现以及价值增长潜力四个方面建立了的商业模式创新绩效评价指标体系,最后运用模糊综合评价模型对软件企业商业模式创新绩效进行评价。最后是全文总结与研究展望,概括了本文的基本思路和创新之处,并说明了本文的不足之处,对商业模式创新的未来研究方向提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Business model is becoming a useful concept and analysis tools since the late of twentieth century, it is directly related to the profits of enterprises and it may affect the survival and development of enterprises. Research on the business model can help managers built a new analysis framework to facilitate more accurate understand the trend of new economic and business competitive environment. In recent years, more and more managers began to put the business model innovation as the important direction of their innovation activities. Software industry is a constantly change and innovation industry, it has obviously trend to network orientation, service orientation and openness orientation, many enterprises have gradually realized the necessity of business model innovation and take action. Based on built an analysis framework of software enterprise business model innovation, this dissertation studied the driving forces, innovation procedures and innovative performance of software business model innovation.Firstly, this disseratation summarized the existing research related business model and business model innovation, introduced the definition of business model from the perspective of system, value creation, business logic and holistic view, compared the different understanding and descriptions about the elements of business model, then reviewed the existing research from the aspects of driving forces, innovation approach and Implementation of business model innovation, finally pointed out that the is to contribution and drawbacks of existing research. Based on this, this disseratation established a framework of business model and business model innovation.In order to understand the characteristics of software enterprise business model, this dissertation introduced the international and domestic software industry development process from the perspective of business model evaluation and got the conclusion that: most of software enterprise business model innovation is Incremental Innovation, and the new business model is often as a complement of existing business model rather than replace it; Since both the initial investment and entry barriers are low to start up a new software business, but it takes a long time to get the trust by users, thus a new software business model may attract a large number of imitators and people can see many enterprise adopt the new business model in this early period.After analysis the characteristics of software enterprise business model, this dissertation collected data by using questionnaires investigation and tested the hypothesis related software business model innovation driving forces by using multiple regression analysis. The result shows that entrepreneurship and market demands are two main driving forces to drive the software enterprise business model innovation; environment is also an important driving forces, but it depend on the size of enterprise; Interest, technical Innovation and competition are not the important factors to promote software business model innovation directly. In addition, the empirical results show that external driving forces do have the affect to internal driving forces in the progress of business model innovation.Moreover, by importing grounded theory with case study qualitative research method to explore the business model innovation of 800APP and UFIDA, this dissertation got the elements node of the business model of those two enterprises, identified business model innovation time point base on the evolution of the elements node and draw the pictures of the elements node by using the tool of Pajek, finally established innovation phase model of business model innovation based the case study of 800APP and UFIDA.In order to evaluate the performance of business model innovation, based on the Balanced Score Card and considered the characteristic of the software business, this dissertation designed the performance evaluation system for software business model innovation from the perspectives of value proposition, value creation and transfer, value realization and potential for growth and used the grey hierarchy synthesis method to evaluate the software business model innovation performance.Finally, this dissertation summarized the main content and innovation points and pointed out the future orientation in business model study.更多还原