【作者】 郑剑；

【导师】 欧阳康；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 社会资本理论的研究已经历30多年的时间了,尽管期间取得了丰硕的研究成果,但是,我们认为它仍然处在探索阶段,还没有取得应有的突破与超越。自从皮埃尔·布迪厄(Pierre Bourdieu)、詹姆斯·科尔曼、普特南与弗朗西斯·福山等学者提出社会资本理论以来,人们传统地把社会资本规定在社会关系、社会网络、规范、诚信、品格和能力等资源性的范围之内,而忽视了主体社会实践的外部条件性因素与偶然性等不确定因素对其的作用。很久以前,我国古代军事家在考察决定一场战争胜败因素的时候,就提出了“天时地利人和”的思想,其主旨就在说明一个社会实践活动的顺利展开是需要多个方面的有机配合。我们主张的社会资本多维度说,是在扬弃以往社会资本理论的前提下,立足于我国社会实践的基础上,进行的理论探索与突破。我们在保持原有社会资本规定性的基础上,把它的内涵拓展到了社会背景、社会环境、社会形势、社会潮流、社会风气、社会机遇、社会契机以及社会事件的偶然性发生、发展和偶然性结局的层面上了。根据主体社会实践活动的内在逻辑,我们把社会资本划分为主体性社会资本、场域性社会资本、条件性社会资本以及潜在性社会资本等类型。我们从文化社会哲学的视域探索社会资本运行的内在演化机制,并论述了社会资本积累的根据及其方式。立足于目前我国社会主义现代化进程的特点,我们探索了我国社会资本的规定性及其社会资本积累的途径。我们认为塑造中华民族的精神家园是积累我国社会资本的关键所在,中华民族的精神家园是我国社会主义现代化建设的精神动力与价值保障。根据我国所处在的国情与世情,我们明确地提出了强大政府论,坚决反对极端、片面的分权与弱化政府权威的思想倾向。我们认为积累我国政府的权威社会资本是我国社会主义现代化建设的保障与支撑。全文分为导论、正文部分和结束语三部分。第一章导论：阐述了社会资本理论研究的理论价值与现实意义,梳理与评价了国内、外众多社会资本理论流派的观点,并阐述了我们课题的研究方法。第二章到第八章为论文的正文部分。第二章：社会资本的本质。本章从资本演化的内在逻辑为切入点,探索了实物资本、人力资本与社会资本的内在联系,明确指出了社会资本是资本发展的最高阶段。阐述了社会资本的本质规定性,即社会资本是确保主体良性发展,促进其社会化的资源总和,社会资本的结构,即主体性社会资本、场域(Champ;field)性社会资本、条件性社会资本、潜在性社会资本等。社会资本存在于社会时间与社会空间两个大的维度之上,并且社会资本与社会时间和社会空间彼此建构,相互影响。在本章中,还阐述了社会资本的特性,社会资本的功能以及社会资本的测量等问题。第三章：社会资本的积累。这章从社会资本积累的根据为逻辑起点,详细阐述了社会资本积累的内在运行机制。社会资本积累有着内在根源与外在根据,本章进而列举了社会资本积累的几种类型,社会资本积累有主动积累与被动积累、设计积累与偶然积累以及理性积累与非理性积累。在本章中,还探索了影响社会资本积累的因素,在本章的最后,简要讨论了几种常见的社会资本积累的方式。第四章：社会资本的主体。根据主体的存在形态与内部结构,人们一般把社会资本的主体划分为三个维度即宏观维度的主体、中观维度的主体以及微观维度的主体。本章还论述了三个维度主体之间的互渗与互动的关系。第五章：我国社会资本的规定性。我国社会资本是一个涵盖性很强的集合体,从其组成结构来看,它包含了主体性社会资本、场域性社会资本、条件性社会资本与潜在性社会资本等形态；从其构成因素的性质来分,它可以分为物质层面的社会资本、精神层面的社会资本与实践层面的社会资本；从其所依附的主体类型来看,它可以分为微观维度的社会资本、中观维度的社会资本与宏观维度的社会资本。第六章：转型期我国社会资本的积累。本章阐述了我国社会资本积累的运行机制,我国社会资本的积累就是我国人民在我党与政府的领导下,不断增强我国社会有机体的综合竞争力、优化场域、改良发展环境、创造有利形势、激活发展潜力的过程。我国社会资本的积累有着内在根据与外在的原因,社会主义国家的本质是我国社会资本的积累的内在根据,适应我国经济社会发展的内在需求是我国社会资本的积累的外在要求。党的领导与政府的权威是我国社会资本的积累的保障。我国社会资本的积累有着许多的障碍因素,既有发展过程中的,也有传统文化遗留的,也有外部不利因素的干扰与侵害。在目前我国的转型期阶段,改革开放、创新、转型、转轨、转变与调整是我国社会资本积累的主要方式；实施科技兴国战略,实施人才强国战略是积累我国社会资本的基础。第七章：优化我国转型期的社会场域。我国转型期社会场域的优化主要是指我国社会资本存在的社会空间的拓展与改良,我国社会场域的优化主要包括国内场域的优化与国外场域的优化,具体包括政治场域、精神优化、物质场域、社会场域、自然生态场域以及安全体系场域的优化。构建中华民族共有精神家园是我国场域优化的关键,中华民族共有精神家家园是我国社会主义现代化建设的精神动力与智力支持；打造我国文化软实力,实施我国的“走出去”战略；实施独立自主的公共外交,积极参与国际事务,开展多层面的国际交往与合作,树立我国的国家形象。第八章：我国转型期面临的机遇与挑战。本章从总体上概括了我国社会发展的轨迹与内在逻辑,优秀的民族品格使我国走上了独立、民主与自强的中国道路,我国的发展为世界的进步事业做出了杰出的贡献,改良了世界发展的环境,创造了世界发展的大好形势。我国社会的发展面临着前所未有的机遇与挑战,我们有着丰厚的国家社会资本,我们有着明显的政治优势与文化优势,我们一定能抓住机遇、战胜挑战,我国具有强大的发展潜力。结束语：总结全文,说明本文的创新与不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 The social capital theory’s research has been experienced for more than 30 years. Although we has obtained the plentiful research results during that time, we think it still stay at the exploration stage, we haven’t made the proper breakthrough and surmounting.Since PierreBourdieu, James.coleman, RobertD.Putnam, Francis Fukuyama and so on have advanced the social capital theory, People think traditionally social capital as social relations, social network, standard, good faith, moral character and ability and so on, but they has neglected seriously conditionality factor and fortuitous factor have very major function to social capital theoryLong long ago, our ancient strategist had proposed such a viewpoint that fine weather and favorable geographical position and person decides the victory or defeat of a war. It means social practice launches smoothly with many aspects in the organic coordination.We advocate the multi-dimensions social capital theory from the former social capital theory, basing on the social practice foundation of our country and Carrying on our theory exploration and breakthrough.We firstly maintain the original social capital regulated foundation, and we think the social background, the social environment, the social situation, the social tidal current, the social convention, the social opportunity, the social turning point as well as social event’s fortuitousness as social capital.According to the intrinsic logic of social practice we divide primarily social capital into subjectivity social capital, field social capital, conditionality social capital as well as potentiality social capital, and so on.We explore social capital intrinsic movement mechanism from culture social philosophy view and elaborate the basis reason and the way that the social capital accumulates.Based on the present characteristics of our country socialism modernization process, we have explored the way which our country social capital regulates and the social capital accumulates. We think that to set up the spiritual home of the Chinese nation is the key to accumulate our country social capital, Chinese nation’s spiritual home is our country socialist modernization energetic power and the value safeguard.According to the national condition and worldly affairs, we propose the formidable government theory firmly, we oppose the extreme, one-sided decentralization and attenuating government authority’s thought tendency firmly. We think that accumulating our country Government’s authoritative social capital is the safeguard and support of our socialist modernizationThis article is composed of three parts, i.e. the introduction, the text and the conclusion.Chapter One:introductory:Elaborating the fundamental theory value and the practical significance of social capital, Combing and appraising the numerous social capital theory and elaborating our topic research technique.The text is from Chapter two to eight.Chapter Two:Social capital essence. This chapter explores the physical capital, the human capital and the social capital inner link from the intrinsic logic of the capital, pointing out explicitly the social capital is the capital development of the highest stage. Elaborating the essence of social capital, namely the social capital is total resources that guarantees the main body develop well and promotes its socialization. Social capital structure is made of the subjectivity social capital, the field social capital, conditionality social capital, potentiality social capital and so on. The social capital exists in the social time and the social space and social time influence with social space. In this chapter, we also elaborate the social capital characteristic, social capital function as well as social capital survey and so on.Chapter Three:Social capital accumulation. This chapter explores in detail the intrinsic operational mechanism of social capital accumulation from the logical beginning of the social capital. The social capital accumulation has the intrinsic root and the external basis. This chapter also has enumerated several types of social capital accumulation.The social capital accumulation has the initiative accumulation and the passive accumulation; The design accumulation and accidental accumulation; rational accumulation and non-rational accumulation. At the end of this chapter, we has explored factors that affect society accumulation,discussed briefly the several common ways to accumulate social capital. Chapter Four:the main body of Social capital. According to the existence shape and internal structure of main body, people have divided generally social capital’s main body into three dimension, namely macroscopic dimension of the main body, intermediate dimension of the main body and microscopic dimension of the main body. This chapter also elaborates the mutual interactive relations among them.Chapter Five:Our country social capital’s regulation. Our country social capital is a very big aggregate. Looking from its composition structure, it has contained the subjectivity social capital, field social capital, conditionality social capital and potentiality social capital; and so on.From its constitution factor’s nature, it may be divided into the material social capital, the energetic social capital and the practical social capital and so on; Looking from the main body type, it may be divided into the microscopic dimension social capital, the intermediate dimension social capital and the macroscopic dimension social capital and so on.Chapter Six:Our country social capital’s accumulation. This chapter elaborates the operational mechanism of our country social capital accumulation. Our country social capital’s accumulation is a process that our country’s people strengthen our country society organism’s comprehensive competitive power unceasingly, optimize field, improve development environment, create the advantageous situation, activate development potential, leaded by our party and government. Our country social capital’s accumulation has the intrinsic basis and the external reason. Socialist countries’ essence is our country social capital accumulation intrinsic basis. Adapting the intrinsic demand which our country economic society develops is our country social capital accumulation external request. The party leader and government’s authorities are the safeguard of our country social capital accumulation. The social capital’s accumulation of our country has many barrier factors, which are factors of the developing process, and the traditional culture carry-over, and exterior disadvantage factor. The reform and open policy, the innovation, reforming, the switch and the transformation are the ways which our country social capital accumulates. To promote our education enterprise, implements the talented person strategy, carry on the standard construction, to develop good faith activity is the main method which our country social capital accumulates.Chapter Seven:Optimization of our country field. Our country social capital optimization is the development and the improvement of its space in our country. Our field social capital mainly includes the country infield optimization and the country outfield optimization, including the political field, the spirit field optimization, the material field optimization, society field optimization, the natural ecology field optimization as well as the security system field optimization. Constructing the Chinese nation spiritual home is the key which our country field optimizes. The Chinese nation spiritual home is our socialist modernization energetic power and the intellectual support. To implement the Multilateral independent diplomacy, to participate in the international affairs positively, to fulfill responsibility of great nation is a main way to optimize out outside field. To make our country culture as the soft strength, to implement our country "to walk" under the strategy, carry out the multi-level international contacts is the way to set up our country image.Chapter Eight:The opportunity and challenge that our country faces in the transition period. This chapter summarizes the development path and the intrinsic logic of our society as a whole. The outstanding national moral character causes our country to step onto the independence, the democracy and the striving to improve Chinese path. Our country’s development has made the outstanding contribution for the world great forward march, has improved the world development environment, has created the world development excellent situation. Our country is facing the opportunity and the challenge. We have the rich country social capital, the obvious political superiority and the cultural superiority, so we can hold the opportunity and defeat the challenge. Our country has the formidable potential of development.Conclusion:It’s a conclusion of this paper, and it explains the innovations and defects of this paper.更多还原