【作者】 李莲芝；

【导师】 孔繁森；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文以某变速箱厂产品质量追溯问题为背景,研究变速箱质量问题的追溯方法。由于变速箱结构的特殊性和总装现场的复杂性,采用企业现有的质量追踪技术,采集到的数据不够全面和客观,导致质量追溯不够到位。本文研究的目的有二：一是实现某变速箱厂变速箱装配过程中的产品质量的追溯,解决产品质量问题追溯中数据难以采集的技术问题,并提出采用水平对比分析和秩和检验相结合的统计方法对复杂数据进行质量溯源。二是通过案例来系统地论述装配质量追踪过程中RFID技术的实施方法和应用方案。并通过案例来系统地阐述质量溯源中所采用的统计方法的科学性和有效性。质量追溯的内涵包括质量追踪和质量问题溯源。质量追踪的能力常以数据采集技术的高低来体现,质量问题溯源由于倾向对质量问题进行根源性问题的分析,所以需要统计理论做支撑。在汽车制造业装配质量问题追溯中,针对数据采集部分,本文对采用RFID技术的可行性进行了论证分析,提出了基于RFID技术的数据采集模式。通过分析装配质量溯源需要的数据流,构建了RFID技术采集模型；针对装配流程,研究RFID技术对问题零件数据采集的方法和步骤。在采用RFID技术实施追踪变速箱装配质量问题的过程中,对问题零件需要采集的数据内容及RFID技术设备的选择、安装位置及采集步骤都做了充分的论述。研究结果表明：本文提出的变速箱装配质量RFID技术方案是有效的。质量溯源是针对某一已经发现的具体范围和数量的相关产品的质量问题进行根源性问题的分析和纠正,质量溯源可以看成是实现质量追溯的一个核心部分。在变速箱质量溯源过程中,我们首先对总计数据采用水平对比分析法对质量问题进行了溯源分析；考虑到质量数据的复杂性,在原始数据的分布不够明确的情况下,进一步对原始数据进行了秩和检验分析,给出了涉及问题零件的各个工位的秩和检验的步骤,分析了检验结果,完成变速箱装配质量问题的溯源。通过两种方法的结合使用,使得判别结果更为客观可信。在理清变速箱质量问题溯源思路中,所运用的水平对比分析法和采用的秩和检验法所进行的检验分析为质量溯源提供了理论支持,为信息转化为决策提供了比较坚实的依据,也为决策者提供了科学的参考意见。非参数秩和检验在机械领域的研究应用还不够成熟,主要原因是由于以往原始数据受追踪技术的局限,采集数据不够全面和客观。某变速箱厂出现的质量问题,如果沿用以前管理人员的经验,诊断的说服力往往不够,尤其得不到一线工人的支持。本文试着针对在原始数据真实,客观的情况下,采用针对数据不同角度的水平对比分析法和秩和检验法,增强了变速箱质量问题溯源的可信度。通过本课题的研究,我们为某汽车变速箱厂变速箱装配质量问题构建了质量追溯体系；为管理者选择质量改进措施提供了科学的参考依据；通过本课题的研究,为同行提供了可以参考的案例。更多还原

【Abstract】 This subject research aims to realize quality tracking in process of Gear box assembly in the gearbox factory, settle the technical difficulty in acquiring data in quality problem tracking and put forward more scientific and more suitable statistics method to conduct quality tracking of complex data. Execution method and application scheme of RFID data acquisition technique in process of assembly quality tracking is systematically expounded through this case, scientificity and effectiveness of the statistics method applied in this case is also systematically illustrated.Connotation of quality tracking includes quality tracking and quality tracking. Capability of quality tracking is always reflected by data acquisition technique. Quality problem tracking is apt to analyzing root cause source of quality problems and need statistical theory as a support.In assembly quality problem tracking of the automobile industry, feasibility of RFID technique is expounded and analyzed as for the data acquisition part, putting forward the data acquisition mode based on RFID technique. Furthermore, RFID technique acquisition mode is built through analyzing data flow needed in assembly quality tracking; then method and steps of question parts data acquisition for RFID technique are studied in light of the assembly flow. Data contents needing acquired in question parts, choice, installation position and acquisition steps of RFID technique device are all fully expounded in process of applying RFID technique to carry on assembly quality problems of tracking Gear box. The result shows that it is effective to apply RFID technique to acquire date combined with practical situations of assembling line of the Gear box.Quality tracking refers to analyze and correct root-cause quality problems of products with concrete scope and quantity, which can be regarded as a core part of realizing quality tracking.In process of quality tracking of the Gear box, the author firstly analyzes resources of quality problems by comparative analysis approach. The author further analyzs the rank sum inspection for the original data taking the complexity of quality data into consideration, under the vogue distribution of original data, offering Rank-sum test steps of all stations referring to problem parts, analyzing test results and completes quality problem tracking of the Gear box. The combination of those two methods can contributes to proving results, making the judged results more objective and beliable.In the process of making the quality problem tracking clear, the conducted inspection analysis used benchmarking method and applied rank-sum inspection provided a eoretical support for quality tracking and a more reliable evidence for the information into decision and scientific references for deciscion-makers.Research and application of nonparametric Rank-sum test is not mature enough in machinery field, it is mainly because the original date is limited by tracking technique and the acquired data is not complete and objective enough. The diagnosing results of quality problems occur in a gearbox factory have no strong persuasion if experience of managers in the past and simple comparative analysis approaches are continued to be used. In the thesis, the author tries to apply Rank-sum test under real and objective original date, enhancing reliability of quality problem tracking of the Gear box.By studying the subject, we have built a quality tracking system for the quality problems of the Gear box assembly in a certain automobile Gear box factory, and providing scientific references for the the magager how to select quality improving measures. Through the research on the subject, it provides a reference case for the same industry.更多还原