【作者】 周丽霞；

【导师】 王萍；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 图书馆学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 数字图书馆版权问题的实质是由于数字技术有效地改变了作品创作、传播、利用的本来面貌,使得作为版权制度基石的利益平衡发生了相应变化,出现了利益失衡。数字图书馆的版权问题主要是来自作品版权的获取,那么研究数字图书馆的版权获取模式及相应法律支撑就显得尤为重要。笔者通过问卷调查和大量的文献调研发现数字图书馆的版权获取同数字图书馆的性质、地位及社会立法环境关系密切,所以本文的主体部分用五章分别论述以下五方面问题。首先,论述数字图书馆版权获取的相关理论基础,包括图书馆价值理论、版权法理论和大众传播理论,为本文观点的提出提供理论支撑,使之更具说服力。其次,论述数字图书馆版权获取模式,主要包括集体管理模式、授权要约模式、补偿金支付模式、法定许可模式、版权代理模式、开放获取模式、创作共用模式和数字版权管理(DRM)模式。这八种版权获取模式各有优势和不足,目前还不能够很好地平衡版权人及利用者的利益关系,还需要国家政策法规的支持。第三,介绍了中国知网、书生之家数字图书馆、超星数字图书馆、方正阿帕比(Apabi)数字图书馆、博库中文网站等五家数字图书馆的版权获取模式的实践,对各种版权获取模式对数字图书馆的适用性进行分析,进而对数字图书馆版权获取模式进行整合和优化,提出基于出版商代理下的开放获取模式和基于数字图书馆平台的版权授权整合模式。随着技术和法制的不断健全,数字图书馆的版权获取模式会在实践中不断完善。第四,以Google数字图书馆为例,论述数字图书馆和作者及出版商之间的博弈关系,分析了Google数字图书馆建设的优势,结合我国版权法律制度,认为数字图书馆完全可以利用版权法对版权的限制而把自身行为归结为合理使用,并建议我国版权法引入默示许可制度。第五,论述数字图书馆版权获取的法律重构。在这里,笔者强调数字图书馆的公益性质,认为必须从知识传播和公众获取的角度来考虑各方利益的平衡。通过以上分析,笔者得出以下结论:(1)就数字图书馆的性质而言,数字图书馆的公益性质更加突出,其营利性是占次要位置的。(2)数字图书馆具有特殊价值。数字图书馆可以提升人们获取知识信息的效率,促进知识交流与传播,尊重人们获取知识的平等与自由,并以知识资源全社会共享为价值取向。(3)数字图书馆作为最终用户和作品传播者的法律地位。数字图书馆是一类特殊的信息网络传播者,符合邻接权人的构成要件,是用户权利与著作权利实现的居间人,所以数字图书馆应当享有信息网络传播邻接权。(4)数字图书馆和出版商之间可以实现博弈均衡。有人认为数字图书馆和出版商之间是永远的对立关系,但通过博弈模型和矩阵分析,数字图书馆和出版商之间是可以合作的,一方面可以充分发挥出版商的资源优势,另一方面也可以让出版商得到相应的经济利益。(5)数字图书馆和作者之间可以实现博弈均衡。从作者的角度看,如果作者与数字图书馆合作,那么他虽然损失了一些经济利益,但相应的得到了社会荣誉和声望,其学术观点能够更广泛地传播从而确立其学术地位,这一点远比获得经济回报重要。(6)数字图书馆在版权获取方面应具有特殊合理使用权和诉讼赔偿豁免权。更多还原

【Abstract】 The substance of copyright issues of digital library is about digital technology, because it has changed the original situation of creation, communication and use of works, and then changed the balance of interests. Copyright issues of digital library are mostly from the copyright acquiring of works which has copyright, so it is very important to study on the copyright acquiring models and legal support.The author found that copyright acquiring of digital library are closely related with the nature and status of digital library and social legislation environment through survey and literature research, this paper discusses the content in five aspects.First, this paper discusses the basic theory of copyright acquiring of digital library, includes library value theory, theory of copyright law and mass communication theory, provides the theoretical support for view of this paper , and makes it more reasonable.Second, this paper discusses the copyright acquiring models of digital library, includes collective management, invitational authorization, compensation system, legal license, copyright agency, open access, creative commons and digital rights management. There are advantages and disadvantages of these eight copyright acquiring models, they can not balance the interests between copyright owner and user, and need the support of laws and regulations.The third, this paper introduces the practice of CNKI, Shu Sheng,Chao Xing, Apabi, and bookoo, analysis the applicability of the models of digital library, proposes the copyright authorization model of open access based on publishers-agency and integration models based on digital library platform. The copyright acquiring model of digital library will be more and more perfect through the improvement of technology and law.The forth, this paper discusses the gaming relations among digital libraries, the authors and the publishers , makes Google as an example, analyses the advantages of Google Digital Library, believe that digital library can make it legal to use the works with copyright as fair use, suggest that use the system of implied permission.The fifth, this paper discusses the reconstruction of copyright law. In this part, the author stressed the public welfare of digital library, and must considers the interests balance from the angle of dissemination of knowledge and public access.The author draws the following conclusions based on the analysis that:(1) The public welfare of digital libraries is more prominent than it’s profit based on the nature of digital libraries.(2) Digital libraries are of particular value. They can enhance the efficiency of getting knowledge and information, can promote the exchange and dissemination of knowledge, respect the equality and freedom of getting knowledge, and look the knowledge social sharing as a value orientation.(3) Legal status of end user and communicator of digital libraries. Digital libraries are special network communicators, meet the elements of the neighboring rights, the are the intermediaries between user rights and interests of copyright, so the digital libraries should enjoy the information network transmission right.(4) It can be achieved gamming balance between the publishers and digital libraries. Someone believes that there are antagonistic relationship between publishers and digital libraries, but they can cooperate through gamming model and matrix analysis. On the one hand, can play resources advantage, on the other hand, can make publishers have the corresponding economic interests.(5) It can be achieved gamming balance between the authors and digital libraries. If authors and digital libraries can work together, the author may be lost some economic benefits, but he get more social honor and prestige, the academic status is more important than economic returns.(6) Digital libraries should have the right of fair use and immunity on aspects of copyright acquiring.更多还原