【作者】 宋金民；

【导师】 杜贵晨；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 水浒小说是指以水浒故事为题材的小说作品。水浒小说是不同时代的作者对水浒故事的加工与创造,水浒小说的代表作是《水浒传》。由于《水浒传》的巨大魅力,研究者往往把《水浒传》以后的水浒小说看作是《水浒传》的续书。因此,以往的水浒题材小说研究实际分为两块,即《水浒传》研究和《水浒传》续书研究。与以往研究相比,水浒小说研究把水浒题材的小说作品视为对同类题材的不同处理,以作整体的把握,是完整意义上的以水浒故事为题材的小说研究。这是在继承前人研究成果的基础上,研究视角的新转换。通过分析不同时代不同水浒小说思想与艺术上的继承与创新,探讨水浒故事自身的魅力及其演变的规律性。本文包括绪论、正文和结论,主要内容如下:绪论部分,内容主要包括水浒小说释义、水浒小说研究的历史与现状以及本文研究的内容、意义与方法等。第一章为水浒小说概述,简要介绍水浒小说的发展史及其特点。水浒小说有其产生、发展的过程,在成熟后,水浒小说并没有停止发展的步伐,而是表现得异彩纷呈,并最终走向衰变;水浒小说作为一类小说,具备类型化的特征,在内容上紧扣时代的脉搏,体现出末世色彩,是乱世英雄题材的政治小说。第二章为水浒小说题材研究,重点考察水浒小说题材的来源、类型、特点,探讨水浒小说题材经久不衰的魅力所在。历史记载、民间传说、水浒戏等都是水浒小说重要的题材来源。水浒小说题材的类型更是宽泛,历史演义、英雄传奇、神魔、世情、公案侠义一样也不少,基本包含了小说题材的所有类型。因此,水浒小说题材具备了类型多样化、内涵多元化、审美多重性等特点。而水浒故事不断地为文人所演绎,并成为一个著名的文学母题,就在于水浒小说的题材具有可生发性、政治特性以及侠义色彩等魅力。第三章为水浒小说主旨研究,指出水浒小说以救世为宗旨。首先探讨了古代文人救世情结的由来、传承以及在明清小说中的体现。在此基础上,进一步认定水浒小说实际上是对古代文人救世情结的传承,水浒小说以救世为宗旨。尽管水浒小说都是以救世为宗旨,但在救世道路的选择上,由于作者以及时代的不同,水浒小说表现出不同的救世道路设计。《大宋宣和遗事》只是表露出救世的倾向性,并没有提出具体的救世之路;《水浒传》表达的是理学家的救世之路;《水浒后传》表达的是布衣文人的救世之路;《后水浒传》表达的是草泽英雄的救世之路;《荡寇志》表达的是封建卫道者的救世之路;两部《新水浒》表达的是维新改良者的救世之路。第四章为水浒小说人物形象研究。水浒小说中英雄侠士无疑是作者用笔最勤,也最为光彩动人的。但以往的人物形象研究,宋江倍受重视但对他的认识并不准确:《水浒传》中的宋江实际上是坚持士人追求的孤独的殉道者,《后水浒传》中的宋江是毫无瑕疵的完美者,而《荡寇志》、《新水浒》中的宋江却成了一个阴险狡诈的小人;对燕青却缺乏重视,以至于在《水浒传》中燕青成为一个被人轻视的英雄,只有到了《水浒后传》,这种情况才得到改观,燕青也终于名至实归,成为一个完美的英雄。水浒小说人物形象以男性英雄的塑造为主,但由于作者与作品的互动,传统与时代的交融,在女性形象的塑造上,却完整体现了作者女性态度的发展与改变,而这正是整个水浒小说人物形象演变的动因。第五章为水浒小说结构研究。首先分析了当前水浒小说结构研究现状,指出唯有站在中国传统文化的立场上,用历史的发展的观点进行分析研究,才能正确认识水浒小说具有的中国古代长篇章回小说双构性结构特点的事实。水浒小说的结构在叙述层面上体现了小说的整体构思,表现出更多带有人类对世界构造理解的共同性特点,这更接近于结构之道;在情节层面上,体现了对小说局部谋篇布局的艺术追求,更多带有作者本人的个性特征,这更接近于结构之技。与之相适应,水浒小说的结构具有诠释、形成叙事张力、增强作品的圆融性等功能。第六章为水浒小说情节研究。水浒小说的情节主要是以曲、巧、险、幻为特点的追求常外之奇的审美特征。但是随着人们审美观念的变化,水浒小说的情节又转而倾向于常人常事、常言常行、常理常情等内容,表现出常内之奇的审美特征的新变。在水浒小说情节的艺术功能上,水浒小说的情节首先具有审美价值,要满足读者的审美期待;其次,水浒小说的情节突出了水浒小说救世的主旨,情节的设置要为主题服务;最后,情节的设置多层次、全方位地表现了人物性格,展现了人物性格的发展与变化。结语部分总结了水浒小说研究的内容与意义:通过对水浒小说题材、主旨、人物、情节、结构等内容的研究,让我们看清了不同时代不同水浒小说思想与艺术上的继承与创新,认识到水浒故事的魅力所在及其对当前小说研究的积极意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Water Margin novels refer to the theme of the Water Margin story. It is the processing and the creation of the Water Margin story by the authors of different times. All Men Are Brothers is one of the representatives. As the great charm of All Men Are Brothers, the researchers, especially the sequels researchers customarily consider the novels of the theme of the Water Margin story after All Men Are Brothers as the sequels of All Men Are Brothers. Compared to the research on the sequels of All Men Are Brothers, the research of the Water Margin novels is a complete sense of the research on the novels of the theme of Water Margin story. It is the inheritance based on the results of previous studies and the new conversion of perspective. By the analysis of the inheritance and innovation in ideas and art of the Water Margin novels in different times, we can study the charm of the Water Margin story, the common of the evolution of different Water Margin novels and the cultural meaning and the spiritual kernel followed by the novels. In addition to the introduction and the conclusion, there are six chapters. The main structure is as follows:The introduction mainly includes the interpretation of the Water Margin novels, the history and the status of the research on the Water Margin novels, the contents, the significance, the methods of this paper and so on.The first chapter is an overview of the Water Margin novels. It briefly describes the history of the Water Margin novels and its characteristics. The Water Margin novels have their process of the occurrence and the development, after the climax, the novels haven’t stopped the pace of development, and the next development is colorful. As a class of novel, the Water Margin novels have the features of the type. Their contents closely reflect the pulse of the times and the eschatology colors. Their nature more inclines to political novels.The second chapter studies the theme of the Water Margin novels. It mainly examines the sources, the types and the characteristics and discusses the enduring charm of the novels. Historical records, folklore and the Water Margin opera are all important sources of the themes of the Water Margin novels. The types of the themes are broad. They include the historical novels, the hero legends, the gods and demons novels, the worldly affairs novels and the chivalry and crime novels. The Water Margin novels contain all the types of the basic themes of the novels. Therefore, the themes of the Water Margin novels have the diversity features in the type, the content and the aesthetic. The Water Margin story is continuously interpreted by scholars and becomes a famous literary motif. The themes of the Water Margin novels have germinal and political characteristics and chivalrous charm.The third chapter is the research on the subject of the Water Margin novels, pointing out that saving the world is the purpose of the novels. It first discusses the origin and the heritage of the ancient scholars’salvation complex, and the exemplification in the novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. On this basis, it further finds that the Water Margin novels are actually the heritage of the ancient scholars’salvation complex. Although saving the world is the purpose of the Water Margin novels, they show different roads designing to save the world because they have different authors and times. The Past Incidents During Xuanhe Period in Song Dynasty only reveals the tendency to save the world, but has no specific way of salvation. All Men Are Brothers expresses the way of salvation of Neo-Confucian. The Sequel to the Water Margins expresses the way of salvation of the literati. After the Water Margin expresses the way of salvation of the swamp heroes. Putting down the Rebels expresses the way of salvation of the feudal rulers. And the two New Water Margin novels express the way of salvation of the restoration reformers.The fourth chapter is the research on the characters of the Water Margin novels. The chivalrous heroes are undoubtedly the most glorious moving in the novels. But in the research on the characters in the past, Song Jiang has paid much attention, but the awareness is not accurate. In All Men Are Brothers, he is actually a lonely martyr adhering to the ideal. In The Sequel to the Water Margins, he is a flawless image of the perfect person. But in Putting down the Rebels and New Water Margin, he has become an insidious villain. Because the research on Yan Qing is lack of attention, as a hero, in All Men Are Brothers he is despised. Only in The Sequel to the Water Margins, the case has been changed; Yan Qing finally deserves to be a perfect hero. The characters in the Water Margin novels mainly shape the male heroes. But because of the interaction between the works and the authors and the blend of tradition and age, in shaping the image of women, they reflect the full development and change of the female consciousness. And this is precisely the evolution and development of the characters in the Water Margin novels.The fifth chapter is the research on the plot of the Water Margin novels. The main plot of the novels pursuits of the aesthetic characteristics of tortuous, delicate, dangerous and magic. But with the changes in people’s aesthetic ideas, the plot of the Water Margin novels turns to the ordinary things and the common sense and shows the new change of the aesthetic characteristics. In the art features of the novels, firstly, the plot should have aesthetic value to satisfy the readers’ aesthetic expectations. Secondly, the plot highlights the thrust of the novels to save the world and sets to the service of the theme. Finally, the plot sets up the multi-level, all-round performance of the characters, displaying the development and change in the characters.The sixth chapter is the research on the structure of the Water Margin novels. It firstly analyzes the current research on the structure of the novels either into the traditional mud and unable to extricate themselves or deviation from the original intention into the western views taking the plot in the novels as the center. It also points out that only standing on the position of traditional Chinese culture, on the analysis and the studies of the viewpoint of historical development; we can have a correct understanding of the pairs of the structural characteristics in the ancient Chinese long chapter novels through the Water Margin novels. In fact, in the describing level of the structure of the Water Margin novels, it reflects the idea of the novel as a whole and shows more human common understanding on the characteristics of the world in the structure. And in the plot level, the novel reflects the local rules and layout and more authors’personality. Correspondingly, the structure of the novels has art functions such as the interpretation, the formation of narrative tension, and enhances the harmony of the works.The conclusion summarizes the content and the meaning of the study on the Water Margin novels. Through the research on the theme, the subject, the characters, the plot, the structure, etc. of the novels; let us see the inheritance and the innovation of the ideas and the artistic in the different times and the different Water Margin novels, recognizing the charm of the Water Margin story and the positive significance of the research to the current fiction study.更多还原