【作者】 周丽萍；

【导师】 原华荣；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 人口学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 中国的城市化率已逼近50%,我国经济社会正处于由传统向现代转型的关键时期。作为城市化(Urbanization)核心的人口城市化(Population urbanization),需要加快实现由数量扩张向质量提升的转变。人口城市化质量高低,不仅关系到人口城市化自身的健康发展,更关系到城市化的整体发展质量,最终关系到人口、资源、环境、经济、社会的协调可持续发展。人口城市化不仅仅是农民向市民转化的过程,还包括市民化了的农民与原城市居民在城市现代文明沐浴下共同再城市化的过程,实现全体城市人口现代化是人口城市化的最终目标。基于这样的认识,研究首先对人口城市化进行理论界定：人口城市化是一个国家或地区具有城市居民特征的人口在总人口中的比例不断上升的过程,从而使其从城市化概念中剥离出来而独立成为一个含义鲜明的概念；随后研究指出,当我国城市化进入快速发展阶段,作为城市化核心的人口城市化,迫切需要实现从追求数量扩张向重视质量提升的重大转变。研究着重对人口城市化质量展开系统的理论阐述,创新性地提出了高质量的人口城市化应该是人口城市化数量适度和人口城市化不同发展层次包容的综合。数量适度体现为人口城市化水平、速度与工业化进程、产业结构和就业结构转换、经济发展的同步协调,不同发展层次包容体现为对人口城市化过程中生存能力增强、发展能力提高、生活质量提升三个发展层次的包容,既能满足城市居民生存、发展、享乐不同层次的发展需求,又能推动这种需求不断地由低层次向高层次递进；在理论系统阐述的基础上,研究构建了人口城市化质量评价指标体系的理论框架,并按照一定原则确定具体评价指标,运用多指标综合评价方法对我国31个省、市、区的人口城市化质量,从水平速度适度性、发展层次包容性两方面作出时间纵向和区域横向的实证评价和比较分析,对我国人口城市化质量作出综合评估和审视。从全国整体看,虽然人口城市化速度与经济增长速度相协调,但水平却滞后于非农化水平,包容度也偏低,从而使我国人口城市化整体质量不高。分区域看,全国31个省、市、区人口城市化质量存在明显差异,大致上存在从东部到西部、随城市化水平逐级降低,人口城市化质量逐步下降的趋势；研究最后针对我国人口城市化质量面临的重大问题提出相应的对策选择。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the urbanization rate approaching 50%, China is in the critical period of transforming from the traditional society to the modern mode. Population urbanization, as the core of Urbanization, should be accelerated along with the transformation from quantity expansion to quality promotion. The quality of population urbanization not only determines the healthy development of population urbanization itself, but also has an impact on the quality of overall development of Urbanization; hence, it ultimately contributes to the harmonious and sustainable development of population, resources, environment, economy and society.Population urbanization not only embodies the process of converting farmers to townsfolk, also includes the process of the second urbanization of the newly-urbanized farmers and the original city residents in the bath of urban modern civilization. The ultimate objective of population urbanization is the realization of modernization for all the urban population. Based on such cognition, the research firstly provides the theoretical definition of population urbanization:population urbanization is the process in which the percentage of the city dwellers in a state or area among the total population continually ascends. Thereby, population urbanization became an independent and clear concept after being split off from the concept of urbanization. The subsequent study reveals that, when the urbanization is developing rapidly in China, it is urgent to realize the significant transformation from quantity expansion to quality elevation in terms of population urbanization. The research focuses on the systematic illustration of the theories on quality of population urbanization, and it puts forward the innovative conclusion, i.e. the high-quality population urbanization must synthesize the appropriate quantity and the comprehensive development levels. The moderate quantity is embodied in the coordinated development of the level and speed of population urbanization in the process of industrialization, the transition of industrial structures and employment frames as well as the economic development. The inclusion of different development levels is manifested in the comprehension of the three development levels, in other words, the enhancement of survival abilities, the advance of development competence and the promotion of life quality. Hence, the high-quality population urbanization can meet the development demands of various levels, like survival, development and entertainment; on the other hand, it can impel the progression of the demand from the lower level to the higher one. On the basis of the illustration of the theoretical system, the study constructs the theoretical framework of the index system for evaluating the quality of population urbanization. It also specifies the concrete evaluation indexes according to certain principles. Then, it works out the synthetic evaluation and observation on the quality of China’s population urbanization. After adopting the multi-index comprehensive evaluation approach, it made an empirical assessment and a comparative analysis of the longitudinal time and the horizontal regions, from the perspectives of moderation of levels and speed, and the inclusion of various development levels. Judging from the whole nation, the level of China’s population urbanization lags behind the non-agriculture level although population urbanization rate coordinated with economic growth rate. The inclusive rate is relatively low as well. Consequently, the overall quality of China’s population urbanization is not high. In view of regions, there is significant difference in the quality of population urbanization in the 31 provinces, municipalities or autonomous regions. Overall, there is the tendency that the quality of population urbanization lowers successively in correspondence with the gradual lowering of urbanization levels from the eastern China to the western area. In conclusion, the study brings forward the corresponding measures for the major issues on the quality of China’s population urbanization.更多还原