【作者】 陈伟海；

【导师】 田明中；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 第四纪地质学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 重庆武隆喀斯特,地处四川盆地东南缘乌江流域,包括天生三桥、芙蓉江和后坪三个相对独立的喀斯特地质遗迹系统,境内有丰富多彩、类型众多、且分布集中的高质量高品位的喀斯特地质遗迹,作为“中国南方喀斯特”的组成部分,于2007年被列为世界自然遗产名录。论文在对武隆喀斯特进行全面系统分析和研究的基础上,通过与国内外同类景观和典型喀斯特地质公园(景区)的对比研究,综合评价了武隆喀斯特的特性和价值;同时在地质遗迹及成景机制研究进展的基础上,通过对武隆喀斯特系统和区域成景背景的系统分析和研究,系统探讨它的形成演化条件、过程及模式。通过上述研究,取得如下主要成果和结论:1.首次对武隆喀斯特进行全面系统分析和研究,共识别出7种景型,10种景域,19种景段,34种景元,若干处典型地质遗迹实体,并系统分析了武隆三大喀斯特系统的组合方式、形态特征和展布规律。2.首次通过与国内外相似的典型喀斯特景观及喀斯特地质公园(景区)对比研究,总结出武隆喀斯特系统的独特和价值。3.首次对武隆喀斯特的区域地质背景进行系统分析和研究,包括区域构造及演化、区域地层系统及水文地质条件等方面。4.首次全面系统地探讨武隆喀斯特形成演化的过程和机制。按时间序列和区域分异特征,以川东南及武隆四大隆升阶段为时间界限和主线,将武隆喀斯特的形成演化过程划分为:晚白垩世、古近纪,早、中中新世,晚中新世-晚更新世期、现代喀斯特作用期等五大成景时期。分三大喀斯特区域,深入探讨武隆喀斯特在五大成景时期的形成演化过程和机制:①天生三桥喀斯特区:以羊水河明流和伏流的演变为主轴,逐渐演化、形成以崩塌型(如天坑、天生桥等)和地下横向型喀斯特为主的喀斯特岛屿。②芙蓉江喀斯特区:以芙蓉江的演变为主轴,逐渐演化、形成以侵蚀型(如河流、峡谷等)及地下纵向型喀斯特为主的喀斯特岛屿。③后坪喀斯特区:以地表流水与天坑底部地下河之间的相互转换为主轴,逐渐演化、形成以冲蚀型(如天坑等)和地下横向喀斯特为主的喀斯特岛屿。④整个武隆,以三处喀斯特岛屿相互之间水力联系及地表地形地貌高差的演变为主轴,逐渐演化形成独特、稀有的武隆喀斯特。5.在上述基础上,首次提出分轴型、主轴型、离散型和集合型等四种岛屿式成景模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chongqing Wulong karst is an important part of South China Karst which was titled as one of the world natural heritages listed by UNESCO in 2007.It is on a tributary of the Wu River in southeastern margins of the Sichuan Basin, includes three relatively independent karst landscape system,that is,Tianshengsanqiao, Furongjiang and Houping karst landscape system, which has colorful and multitudinous,high quality and level, concentrated karst landscapes.Based on comprehensively and systemically explores the geological relics of Wulong karst, after contrasting with other homogeneous landscape of home and abroad, typical karst Geopark(scenic area),and other analogous karst area in China, the dissertation comprehensively evaluates the unique of geological relics of Wulong karst.At the same time, the dissertation overviews newest status and progress of research and development for geological relics and karst landform, systemically expatiates the resource system of its geological relics and the background for the formation of scene. Then according to time series and regional differentiation, with four crustal uplift stages of Southeastern Sichuan and Wulong as the time limit and the main spindle, comprehensively and systemically explores the formation process and mechanism of geological relics of Wulong karstBelow is the general conclusion of the dissertation.1. Creatively research the resource system of Wulong karst, mark off seven landscape types,ten landscape fields, nineteen landscape segments, thirty-four landscape cells, umpty typical landscape entities,then systems analysis the combination modes, the morphological characteristics and the distribution of three karst landscape system.2. Firstly summarize the unique of Wulong karst, after contrasting with other homogeneous landscape of home and abroad, typical karst Geopark(scenic area),and other analogous karst area in China.3. Creatively analyse and research the background for the formation of scene in Wulong area,including regional structure and its evolution, categories of stratigraphic classification and hydrogeological Conditions.4. Creatively, comprehensively and systematically explore the process and mechanism of Wulong karst, divide the process of formation of Wulong karst into five epochs according to time series and regional differentiation, with four crustal uplift stages of Southeastern Sichuan and Wulong as the time limit and the main spindle: the epoch of late Cretaceous, the epoch of Paleocene, the epoch of early Miocene to middle Miocene, the epoch of middle Pleistocene to Pleistocene ,and the epoch of modern karst, comprehensively and systematically explore the process and mechanism of three Wulong karst landscape system during different epochs:①The karst area of Tianshengsanqiao,with the evolution of Yangshuihe river and underground river as the main spindle, gradually evolved into a karst islands whose geological relics is mainly based on collapsed karst(such as Tiankeng, natural bridge) and subterranean lateral karst.②The karst area of Furongjiang,with the evolution of Furongjiang river as the main spindle, gradually evolved into a karst islands whose geological relics is mainly based on eroded karst(such as river, Valley) and subterranean longitudinal karst.③The karst area of Houping,with the evolution of surface water and underground river which lies in bottom of Tiankeng as the main spindle, gradually evolved into a karst islands whose geological relics is mainly based on washed karst(such as Tiankeng) and subterranean lateral karst.④Wulong area, with the evolution of the hydraulic connection and the height of landform and landscape among three karst islands.5. Basing on above-mentioned process and mechanism,creatively put forward four island-style models of formation,i.e. diverted,spindle, discrete and collective style.更多还原