【作者】 陶春；

【导师】 赵鹏大；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 资源产业经济， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 稀土资源是国家的战略资源。中国在世界上占有稀土资源储量、产量、销售量和使用量的四个第一,是世界稀土资源市场的主要供给国和公认的稀土资源大国。但是长期以来,中国对稀土资源产业发展缺乏战略考虑和系统设计,对稀土资源利用缺乏重大技术创新和突破,对稀土资源领域监管缺乏力度和效果。造成中国在稀土领域长期处于被动地位,话语权、定价权旁落他国。如何把稀土资源利用好,把稀土资源产业发展好,在国际竞争中用好这张牌,成为我国资源产业经济研究的重大战略问题。本文对上述问题做了研究和解答。本文以资源诅咒理论研究综述为逻辑起点,借鉴产业集群理论和发展战略理论等成果(第一章),对中国稀土资源产业发展的历史、现状、困境等进行描述和分析,寻找问题的根源(第二章)。将美国、日本、欧盟、俄罗斯等的稀土资源战略与中国进行比较研究,总结规律与启示(第三章),即,建立可持续的国家稀土资源战略,构建稳定的产业政策体系,利用好国际国内两个市场,加强稀土的科学研究和技术开发,注重产业发展中的环境保护。针对以上三章的研究成果,提出中国稀土资源产业发展需要规避“资源诅咒”,发展产业集群,制定战略规划。重点是产业集群的培育、成长与升级,本文对包头和赣州两大稀土资源产业集群进行实证研究。认为,两大集群的风险在于资源陷阱、环境污染、产业低端、结构单一;发展动力在于政策导向、市场竞争、技术进步;转型升级方向为高效益、低污染、重应用、可持续。最后,本文在全球化背景下,对未来十年中国稀土资源产业发展提出预测分析和政策建议。未来中国人口老龄化,资源、环境制约,经济结构失衡等,迫使稀土资源产业转变发展方式。通过提高稀土资源产业市场控制力和技术控制力,产业链向高端应用延伸,稀土资源产业走出去战略,稀土资源综合利用,实现稀土资源产业的科学发展,为整个资源产业的发展提供借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rare earth is one of the national strategic resources. China’s rare earth resources hold the fist place in terms of their reserves, production, sales and use in the world. As one of the generally acknowledged major countries producing rare earth, China has been a main supplier in the world rare earth market. However, China has long been in a passive position in rare earth field as its speech and pricing rights are held by other countries. This is due to China’s lack of strategic consideration and systematic planning for industrial development of rare earth resources, and its lack of major technical innovation and breakthrough in the utilization of rare earth resources, and also its lack of force and effect in the regulation of rare earth resources. Under such circumstances, such issues as how to fully utilize rare earth resources, how to develop rare earth resource industry as well as how to give full play to China’s advantages of rare earth resources in international competitions, have thus become major strategic issues in the research of resource and industry economy in China.In view of the issues above, this thesis focuses its attention on China’s rare earth resources. Firstly, by employing many research results such as those of Industrial Cluster theory and Development Strategy theory, the thesis starts from the discussions of Resource Curse theory, and then describes and analyzes the history, the present situation as well as the current predicament in China’s industrial development of rare earth resources. Then the thesis further probes into the causes of the predicament.Secondly, the thesis makes a comparative study between the strategy of rare earth resources in China and that in America, Japan, the European Union and Russia. In the light of the comparative results, the thesis generalizes some development regularities that can be served as enlightenment, i.e., establishing a sustainable national strategy for rare earth resources, constructing a stable industry policy system, making good use of international and domestic markets, strengthening the scientific research and technical development of rare earth, and emphasizing the environment protection in industry development. Thirdly, the thesis suggests that it’s necessary for China to avoid“resource cursing”, develop industry clusters and formulate strategic planning. The emphasis should be put on the cultivation, growth and upgrading of industry clusters. For this reason, the thesis makes an empirical research of the two industry clusters of rare earth resources: Baotou and Ganzhou, assuming that the risk of these two big industry clusters lies in resource trap, environment pollution, low-end industry as well as single structure. Their drive force of development depends on policy guidance, market competition and technology progress as well. Their transformation and upgrading should be towards high efficiency, low pollution, practical application and sustainable development.Lastly, based on the background of globalization, the thesis makes a predictive analysis of China’s industrial development of rare earth resources in the next decade, and meantime proposes some development strategies. China will be confronted with many social problems in the future such as senior population, pressure on resources and environment and imbalance in economic structure, which will compel China to transform its industrial development mode of rare earth resources. In order to realize the scientific development in the industry of rare earth resources, China should enhance its control over the market and technology of rare earth resource industry, extend the industrial chains towards the high-end application, carry out the strategy of "going abroad" and make a comprehensive utilization of rare earth resources, thus providing reference for the development of the whole resource industry.更多还原