【作者】 黄健；

【导师】 吴信才；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地图制图学与地理信息工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 我国城市供水安全面临的形势严峻,供水水源水质普遍恶化、各种突发性水污染事件频繁发生。为了实现将水质安全的控制前移,达到预防、化解风险,减少损失的目的,迫切需要提供强有力的水质监测、预警及应急技术的支撑。本文结合水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项“水质信息管理系统及可视化平台关键技术研发与示范”课题,开展了城市供水水质监测与预警平台构建研究。通过深入分析水质监测、预警、应急业务模型,探讨应急处理协同关键技术,研究基于知识管理的功能体系,并基于数据中心对该平台进行了构建与实现,完成了研究内容的综合应用。本文开展的主要研究工作如下:(1)回顾了国内外水质监测、预警和应急的发展与现状,归纳了在城市供水水质研究与应用领域所存在的问题。分析了构建城市供水水质监测与预警平台实现供水安全保障的必要性。(2)归纳了供水水质管理体系,研究了供水水质管理的业务模型。通过探讨水质监测模式、预警原理,给出了预警框架体系。对常用的水质评价与预测模型分别做了对比分析,研究了基于综合水质标识指数法的评价模型和基于决策树法的预测模型。提出了应急处理流程,并进行了深入探讨。(3)提出了应急处理协同框架,将其设计为技术支撑维、空间维、时间维和保障维,并对详细内容进行了论述。分析了信息集成、资源调度模型和最佳路径算法,探讨了组织机构体系、并讨论了应急处理流程结构和协同体制保障。(4)通过研究知识管理的内涵,提出了城市供水水质监测与预警平台的功能体系。将该平台功能划分为数据采集与集成、信息展示、预警分析和应急决策支持,并对各个层次的数据特点、功能需求进行了详细分析。(5)研究了基于数据中心的城市供水水质监测与预警平台总体架构。将该平台设计为城市供水水质数据仓库层、城市供水水质功能仓库层、框架层、应用层和用户层。解决了异构数据集成、数据交换问题,实现了功能的重构与聚合,通过工作流完成了应急处理的协同,采用框架-插件模式实现了业务系统的搭建。(6)结合水专项课题在济南市的应用,按其需求实现了城市供水水质监测与预警平台,实践中取得了良好的效果,验证了设计方案的可行性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban water supply safety facing with severe situation in china,the quality of water supply source get worse and all kinds of sudden water pollution accidents occur frequently. For the purpose of early detecting security leak of water quality,and toward prevention,eliminating risks and reducing the loss,technologies on water quality monitoring,early warning and emergency is urgent needed.Combining the project named“R&D and demonstration on key technologies of water quality information management system and visualization”,which is a part of major science and technology program for water pollution control and treatment,the paper researches on construction of water quality monitoring and early warning platform for urban water supply. Through in depth analysis of water quality monitoring,early warning,and emergency business model,the paper discusses the key technology of synergy in emergency treatment,and researches the functional structure based on knowledge management. The platform is built and realized based on data center and the author completed the study content of comprehensive application. The research works are as follows:(1)Retrospect to the development and actuality of water quality monitoring,early warning and emergency management at home and abroad , the author summarizes the existing problems in research and application field of urban water supply quality. The feasibility and neeessity of construct water supply quality monitoring and early warning platform to ensure urban water supply safety is analyzed.(2)Summarizing the management system of water supply quality,the paper researches the business model. By discussing the monitoring model and early warning principle,an early warning framework is put forward. Based on analysis of the common water quality evaluation and prediction model,the author discusses the evaluation method of comprehensive water quality index and prediction model of decision tree. The emergency treatment process is put forward and deep analyzed. (3)The author design the synergy framework of emergency treatment,which consis of technical support dimension,spatial dimension,time dimension,and safeguard dimension. The information integration,resource scheduling model,and best path algorithm are analyzed. The organization structure hierarchy,flow structure of emergency treatment,and safeguard of synergy system are discussed.(4)Studing the intension of knowledge management, the paper puts forward the function structure of the platform,which is classified as data collect and integration,information display,early warning analysis,and emergency decision support. The data characteristic and functional requirement in the structure are deep analyzed.(5)Researching on the whole architecture of the platform based on data center,which is designed as six layers,including data warehouse and function warehouse of urban waterquality,framework,application system,and user. This architecture achieves heterogeneous data integration and data exchange,function reconfiguration and polymerization. The synergy of emergency treatment can be realized by workflow,and the application system can be constructed based on framwork and plug-in model.(6)According to the project applied in Jinan,the platform is realized based on concrete application requirement. The results indicate the platform has achieved good performance,which validates feasibility and effectiveness of this method.更多还原