【作者】 闫大鹏；

【导师】 杨进；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本论文意在通过研究D-InSAR技术在矿山开采区的适用性,并以此结果修正经典的矿山开采沉陷预测模型,为解决我国煤矿区开采沉陷的预测问题提供新的方法。本文主要将矿山生产数据、地面实地观测结果、卫星遥感测量值等多种手段采集结果进行综合分析,反演出开采沉陷静态模型中的经验参数。为开采沉陷的研究带来新的生机;为新技术拓展了应用领域;为地质灾害预警预报工作提供新的思路。我国煤炭开采历史非常悠久,长期的地下开采活动造成了大面积的采空区,时刻威胁着当地的生态环境和人民财产安全。已经成为制约当地经济发展的主要因素,并且威胁着未来矿山生产的安全。因此开展开采沉陷的危险性预测研究工作对于地质灾害防治、引导安全绿色的矿山生产、保护国家和人民的生命财产安全、实现人与自然环境的协调发展具有重要的现实意义。前人对于开采沉陷的研究往往仅着重岩石力学因素的分析。单纯抽象的物理模型,难以广泛应用于地质因素复杂的矿山生产中;况且引起开采沉陷因素很多,不同矿山的条件又千差万别。虽然前人的研究中尽可能的考虑周全,但仍存在较大的主观因素,而不得已引入主观参数;即便考虑了诸多因素也只能搭建一个静态模型,难以用于预警预报。如何探寻新理论、新方法量化这些主观参数成为未来研究的重点。新兴的遥感技术以及计算机技术为开采沉陷的定量化研究提供了新的思路。本文首先从国内外研究现状入手,总结前人研究的精华之处;其次对合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量(D-InSAR)技术在煤矿开采区的实际困难进行了分析与解决;并且通过开滦矿山大量样本对D-InSAR技术在矿山沉陷监测中的结果进行了评价;并在此基础上提取了矿山地区样本点沉降时序图,搭建了“矿山开采——开采沉陷”的时空关系模型,引入了概率积分法模型,并利用此模型反演出开采沉陷经验参数。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper is intended by studying the D-InSAR technique applicability in mining areas, and thus the classic result of amendments to mining subsidence prediction model, to address the areas of coal mining subsidence prediction provide a new method. In this paper, the mine production data, the ground field observations, satellite remote sensing measurements and other means to collect the results of a comprehensive analysis of the static model of mining subsidence inversion experience in the parameters. For the study of mining subsidence bring new vitality; to expand the applications of new technologies; for the geological hazard warning to provide new ideas.A long history of coal mining, long-term underground mining activities resulted in large areas of mined areas, threatening the local ecological environment and people and property. Restricting local economic development has become a major factor and threatening the safety of future mine production. Therefore, the risk of mining subsidence carried out research work for the prediction of geological disaster prevention, safety green lead mine production, protection of national and people’s lives and property between man and the coordinated development of the natural environment has important practical significance.Previous studies for mining subsidence often only focus on the analysis of rock mechanics factors. Simple physical model of the abstract, complex and difficult geological factors are widely used in mining production; Moreover, mining subsidence caused by many factors, the conditions of different mines and different.Although previous studies considerate as possible, but there are still more subjective factors, and forced the introduction of subjective parameters; even taking into account many factors can only build a static model, it is difficult for the early warning forecast.How to explore new theories, new methods to quantify these subjective parameters become the focus of future research. New remote sensing technology and computer technology for the exploitation of the quantitative study of subsidence provides a new way of thinking.Firstly, starting from the research situation, the essence of previous studies place; Secondly Differential SAR Interferometry (D-InSAR) technology in coal mining areas of the practical difficulties are analyzed and solved; and through the mine Kailuanlarge sample of D-InSAR subsidence monitoring technology in the mining results were evaluated; and based on the extraction of the mine subsidence area timing diagram of sample points, set up a "mining - mining subsidence" of the space-time relational model, introduced probabilistic model of integration, and use this model empirical parameters of mining subsidence inversion.更多还原