【作者】 魏娟明；

【导师】 汤达祯；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 油气田开发工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 针对聚合物驱后剩余油饱和度低、剩余油分布零散的特点,根据聚合物驱后进一步提高采收率的要求,设计了活性高分子的基本结构。以分子量为指标优化了活性高分子的合成条件,并以优化的实验条件制得的活性高分子样品,其分子量为355万。通过红外光谱、核磁共振等分析测试方法对合成的活性高分子样品进行了表征。室内实验结果表明:活性高分子在水中27分钟基本完全溶解,水溶性好于普通HPAM。活性高分子质量浓度为1500mg/L时的水溶液黏度达26.9mPa.s,增黏效果略逊于HPAM;同HPAM相比较,活性高分子水溶液的黏度受温度、矿化度、剪切的影响更小些。1500mg/L活性高分子水溶液表面张力为46.03 mN/m,界面活性优于普通HPAM。活性高分子的耐温性能优于HPAM,其水溶液在70℃放置98d,黏度降低10.1%,油水界面张力变化不大。通过耗散颗粒动力学模拟、原子力显微镜、冷冻刻蚀透射电子显微镜、扫描电镜等方法研究,表明活性高分子浓度逐渐增加时分别形成球状胶束、管状胶束、以及由管状胶束形成的立体网络结构聚集体。通过显微镜观察表明活性高分子溶液通过将原油从孔喉表面剥离下来,进而通过所形成胶束的毛细管作用、增溶作用将原油分散在活性高分子溶液中。物理模拟驱油实验表明,HPAM驱后活性高分子水溶液的最佳注入量为0.3PV,活性高分子的质量浓度为1500mg/L。室内实验条件下,聚合物驱后注活性高分子水溶液可提高采收率10%以上,高于聚驱后二次聚合物驱的效果。聚驱后,产出液中HPAM的浓度低于注入浓度,部分HPAM在底下滞留,地下残留HPAM的分子量降低、水解度增加。活性高分子水溶液与地下滞留HPAM溶液混合后,黏度有所降低,但幅度不大,说明活性高分子与HPAM存在相互作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 To enhance oil recovery after polymer flooding, an active polymer was designed based on the characters of low remaining oil saturation and scattered remaining oil distribution. The synthesis conditions of active macromolecule were optimized with the molecular weight of product as index. The active polymer with 355×104 molecular weight was synthesized and characterized by IR and NMR.The experiment results in doors indicate that the 27 minutes solution time of active polymer is less than HPAM’s solution time at the same situation. The viscosity of active polymer aqueous solution is 26.9 mPa.s and lower a little than HPAM when its mass concentration is 1500 mg/L. Compared with HPAM, the viscosity of active polymer aqueous solution can be effected more little by temperature, mineralization of water and shearing. The surface tension of active polymer aqueous solution is 46.03 mN/m and lower than HPAM when its mass concentration is 1500 mg/L. The temperature resistance of the active polymer is more excellent than HPAM. The viscosity of active polymer aqueous solution only reduces 10.1% during 98 days at 70℃.The microstructure of active polymer in water was studied by dissipative particle dynamics simulation, atomic force microscopy, freezing corrosion transmission electron microscopy and scanning electrical microscopy. The results show that the spherical micelle, the tubal micelle and the tridimensional network structure were foamed in turn with the gradually increasing of active polymer concentration. It is clearly that the oil is peeled from bore throat surface by aqueous solution and dispersed in active polymer solution by capillarity and solublization of micelles formed by active polymer molecules.The results of physical simulation flooding experiments indicate that the oil recovery can be increased more than 10% by injecting 0.3PV 1500 mg/L active polymer after HPAM flooding. The scope of EOR by active polymer is more than the second HPAM flooding.After polymer flooding, partial HPAM is resorted in reservoir. The molecular of these HPAM is decreasing with the increasing of residence time. At the same time, its degree of hydrolysis is increasing. The viscosity of solution composed with active polymer solution and HPAM solution is less little than the viscosity of active polymer solution. It indicates that the interaction between active polymer molecule and HPAM molecule is existent.更多还原