【作者】 戴小鹏；

【导师】 黄璜；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 作物信息科学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 凡事预则立,不预则废,随着全球气候变暖,种植制度的改变和全球贸易交往的增加,农业生物灾害越来越严重,有效地防止农业生物灾害首要问题是如何进行科学的预测。发展早期预警系统(风险识别、危害识别、地域识别、变异识别)是提高预防与预测准确性的首要关键科学问题；而有效地进行农业生物灾害预测和预警的前提是获取农业生物灾害的信息,然后对相关信息进行提炼加工处理成农业生物灾害知识,为农业生物灾害预警决策提供知识服务。所以在农业生物灾害预警中核心问题是农业生物灾害知识的获取,表示、组织及应用。因此,本文主要解决农业生物灾害预警中知识的获取,表示与组织,分析与应用,为农业生物灾害预警系统提供信息和知识保障。本文主要研究了知识网格的理论、方法和技术在农业生物灾害预警系统中的关键技术问题,主要的研究工作如下：(1)分析了知识网格的原理、方法和技术,如何运用知识网格的思想应用到农业生物灾害预警系统中,怎样利用知识网格以对农业生物灾害知识进行管理,农业生物灾害知识网格的体系结构如何构建问题。(2)知识网格中的核心是知识,在农业生物灾害预警中正确、有效地获取知识是农业生物灾害预警中的关键问题,文中分析了知识获取的思想、方法和技术。着重研究了不完全信息条件中知识获取的方法和算法,主要研究了不完全信息系统数据缺失的补齐问题的原理和算法,分析了一种多重插补数据补齐算法,利用粗糙集理论来解决不确定信息下的知识获取的方法,比较了不完全信息条件下容差关系、相容关系、限制容差关系知识规则的异同。(3)运用本体论和云理论的原理和方法,构建了农业生物灾害知识集成模型,文中分析了知识集成的思想和技术,对农业生物灾害知识本体进行了描述的分析,阐述了农业生物灾害知识本体的构建方法及其知识体系,描述了农业生物灾害知识本体的相互关系及其公理系统,同时,提出了利用云理论进行知识集成的思想。(4)知识网格的要解决的问题主要是知识的统一表示、资源的智能聚合和语义交互模型,根据这一思想,研究分析了农业生物灾害知识网格模型的基本原理,分析了农业生物灾害知识网格中的知识统一表示,资源空间组织模型、语义互联模型,在此基础上,构建了农业生物灾害知识网格模型。(5)通过对农业生物灾害知识网格模型的分析,对农业生物灾害预警系统进行了设计。分析了其设计的主要思想,功能模型和实现的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Preparedness ensures success, unpreparedness spells failure.Agriculture and biology (Agri-bio) disasters are becoming more and more serious by global warming, cropping system changing and global trade association increasing. The primary issue in preventing agri-bio disasters effectively is the way of predicting scientifically. For increasing accuracy of preventing and predicting, the key scientific issue is developing early warning system(risk identification, damage identification, region identification, mutant identification). However, the prerequisite for predicting and warning scientifically is to master knowledge of agri-bio disasters and process relative information into such kind of knowledge. It can provide knowledge service for agri-bio disasters warning decision. In consequence, this paper mainly solves knowledge acquisition, representation and organization, analysis and application during agri-bio disaster warning, and it provides information and knowledge security for agri-bio disaster warning system. This paper analyzes knowledge grid’s principle, method, technology and their application in agri-bio disaster warning system. Major research work as follows:(1)Analyzes knowledge grid’s principle, method and technology. Discusses knowledge grid’s application in agri-bio disasters warning system. Carries out the way of agri-bio disasters knowledge management using knowledge grid. Puts forward the issues of constructing agri-bio disasters knowledge grid’s architecture.(2)Knowledge is the core of knowledge grid. The primary issue in agri-bio disasters warning is accessing knowledge accurately and effectively. This paper analyzes knowledge acquisition’s theory, method and technology and focus on knowledge acquisition methods and algorithms under the condition of imperfect information. Major studys the incomplete information system data missing padded problem principle and algorithm and carries out a multi-interpolation algorithm. Solves knowledge acquisition methods of the uncertain information by utilizing the rough set theory. Compares similarities and differences of knowledge rules among tolerance relations, compatibility relations and limited tolerance relation under the condition of incomplete information. (3)Constructs knowledge integration model of agri-bio disasters by using principle and method of ontology and cloud theory. This paper analyzes knowledge integration theory and technology, carries out agri-bio disasters knowledge ontology, sets forth construction methods of agri-bio disasters knowledge ontology and its’ knowledge system, describes the relationships among agri-bio disasters knowledge ontology and its’axiom system. In the meanwhile, this paper proposes knowledge integration ideas taking advantage of cloud theory.(4)Knowledge grid that to solve the problem is that unified representation of knowledge, resources intelligent aggregation and semantic interaction model. According to this theory, this paper analyzes the basic principles of agri-bio disasters knowledge grid model, the unified representation of knowledge in agri-bio disasters knowledge grid, the resource spatial organization model and the semantic interconnection model. On the basis of these work, this paper constructs agri-bio knowledge grid model.(5) This paper designs agri-bio disasters warning system according to the analysis of agri-bio disasters knowledge grid model. This paper analyzes the main ideas of its design, functional models and implementation methods.更多还原