【作者】 方国威；

【导师】 李和中；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 行政管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 从20世纪80年代开始,产学研结合已经逐步发展成为世界各国技术创新,尤其是高新技术领域创新的主要模式,极大地推动了世界经济社会的发展。在政府的主导下,我国产学研结合模式得以兴起,尤其是在经济发达的沿海城市取得了不错的成果。这为提升我国企业在经济全球化背景下的核心竞争力提供了新的支撑点。毫无疑问,产学研结合模式不仅是一种新的组织模式,更是一种新的经济增长点。我们的问题是,充分发挥产学研结合模式的功能,我国政府应当做什么?当前,政府主导模式已经逐渐失去市场,那么,政府在产学研结合模式中应该扮演什么样的角色?这就是本文研究的基本点。为了回到这个问题,本文采用了这样一个逻辑顺序：首先是阐述产学研结合模式的效用,即产学研结合模式有利于推动经济社会的发展,在为进一步说明产学研结合模式的合理性,本文对产学研结合的理论基础做了详细的梳理,主要包括分工理论、交易成本理论、产业组织理论、创新经济学理论等。其次是如何发挥产学研结合模式的效用。作为一种新兴的产业结构,在我国产学研结合模型尚不成熟的背景下,充分借鉴成功案例的经验不失为一种可行的方法。为探索产学研结合模式效用的发挥,本文首先对国内外产学研结合模式做了较为翔实的阐述,以期从西方国家以及国内试点中探求有益的经验。为此,笔者选取了英国、美国、日本、上海作进行分析。对策性分析的前提是对现状的准确描述,为此,本文选取了深圳产学研结合模式作为个案进行探讨。通过对深圳个案的分析,我们提出了一个新的问题,即政府在产学研结合中需要承担什么样的职能,需要扮演什么样的角色。按照这样的顺序,本研究从整体上,始终坚持逻辑实证主义,所以,论文在结构安排上,也是结合这样的逻辑顺序逐步展开进行论述。全文分为六个部分,第一部分为绪论,主要包括选题意义,即理论意义与现实意义；文献综述,即国外有关产学研结合基地建设问题的研究综述与国内有关产学研结合基地建设问题的研究综述；研究方法,本文主要采用了文献法、比较法、归纳与演绎；结构安排,包括理论构基础、应用研究和究研究的重点、难点。第二部分为理论基础的梳理。主要包括分工演进理论交易费用理论以及其他相关理论；第三部分为政府在产学研结合基地建设中的效益分析。主要从产学研结合基地的公共属性产学研结合基地的供求分析,包括产学研结合基地的外部性分析我国政府在产学研结合基地建设中的角色分析等内容。第四部分为国内外产学研集合模式及其经验,主要选取了美国、英国、日本、北京、上海作为个案分析。第五部分则是通过深圳个案进行梳理。第六部分为政府在产学研结合基地中角色的对策分析。在分析的过程中,本文主要采用了文献法与比较法,产学研结合模式的研究的国外做的比较成熟。国内文献则主要是对国外理论与实践的介绍。通过对国内外产学研研究成果的梳理,使得本文有了一个分析的平台。为探索有益的对策,本文采取了比较分析的方法,主要是通过对国内外产学研结合模式的对比分析,试图寻找可供借鉴的经验。本文的结论是政府需要在产学研结合中不断转变职能。从政府主导转向政府引导是外在环境的必然要求,只有这样,产学研结合模式的效用才能得以有效发挥。与此同时,政府的角色也发生了变化,政府不再既是裁判员,又是运动员,政府更多的是提供公共政策,为产学研结合模式营造良好的外围平台。最后需要指出的是,中国的产学研结合模式还刚刚处于起步阶段。政府职能的转变与角色的转换是一个逐渐的过程。中国产学研结合模式在未来可预测的发展趋势为进一步的研究提出了新的问题,这是我们需要持续研究的方面。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 1980s, the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research has become the mainstream model of the technological innovation in the world, especially in innovation of high-tech,which has a strong impetus to economic and social development. Under the auspices of the government, the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research in China have been developing quickly, especially in the economically developed coastal cities,which provides a new anchor of the core competence of our business in the context of economic globalization,There is no doubt that the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research is not only a new organizational model, but also a new point of economic growth. Our problem is what should our government do in giving full play of the function of the model.Recently, the government-led model has gradually lost its position, then, what is the role of the government should play in the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research? This is the basic point of this study.To return to this issue,a logical order is adapted:firstly, describe the utility of the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research,and this model is conducive to promoting the development of economy and society. In order to give a further explain on the reasonableness of the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research, this article describes the theoretical basis of the model, including the division of labor theory, transaction cost theory, industrial organization theory, innovation and economic theory. Secondly, describe how to play the effectiveness of the Combination of enterprise,school and scientific research. As a new industrial structure, the context of the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research has not yet been mature, so drawing on the experience of successful cases can be regarded as a feasible method.In order to explore the effectiveness of the model, this paper does a more detailed exposition of the model at home and abroad, which may provides experience of the western countries and domestic in the search for good. To this end, I selected the United Kingdom, United States, Japan, Shanghai, for analysis. Strategic Analysis is on the premise that an accurate description has been made,so this paper selected the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research in Shenzhen as a case.Through the analysis of the Shenzhen case, a new problem is proposed:what kind of function and what role should the government play in the combination of enterprise,school and scientific research.By this logic, this study as a whole adheres to logical positivism, the thesis is organized by a logical order.And this paper is divided into six parts.The first part is the introduction, including the theoretical and practical significance of the topic; literature review, which about the general research review of foreign and domestic studies; research method, including literaturing, comparing, induction and deduction; structure, including the basic structure theory, applied research and research focus and difficulties of the study. The second part is the theoretical basis of the core. Including the division of labor of evolution theory and other related theories such as transaction-costs theory; The third part is the Governmental benefit analysis in the process of combination bases building.Combination base, mainly from the prespective of public properties of Combination of supply and demand,which includes the base of the external Combination and the role of our government so on. The fourth part is a collection of models and the outputs of the domestic and foreign research experience from the United States, Britain, Japan, Beijing, Shanghai.etc. The fifth part is to sort through the Shenzhen case. Part six aims at the strategies of the government’s role in the Combination.In the analysis of the process,we research in the way of the literature checking and Comparing.In foreign countries,the research of the Combination Model are more mature. Domestic literature is mainly about the introduction of the theory and practice. Research on sorting out domestic production and research offers a platform for the analysis of this paper. To explore the beneficial response, this paper adopted a method of comparative analysis, mainly through domestic production and research on comparative analysis of the binding mode, trying to get the experience for reference.We conclude that the Government needs to change its functions in Combination progressively.Shifting from government-led model to government-guided model is the inevitable requirement of the external environment.And it’s the only way to make the combination mode works effectively. Meanwhile, the role of the government has changed. Governments is no longer technical referees,but athletes sometimes.The Government is to provide more public policy service for the Combination mode and to create good external situation for it.Finally, it should be pointed out that China has just adapted mode of production and research in its early stages. Transformation of government functions and conversion of its role is a gradual process. The predictable future of the Combination mode in China raised new issues for futher research, which needs our continuous.更多还原