【作者】 李慧勇；

【导师】 徐行；

【作者基本信息】 南开大学 ， 政治学理论， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 研究政治学,离不开对重大政治事件和重要政治人物的研究。在当代中国众多政治事件和政治人物中,始终处于国家政治权力核心的周恩来在“文革”后期对中央行政体制的重新整合,可视为一个重大的政治事件。同时,从“重新整合”与“文革”发展进程、改革启动及中国政治、行政发展的关联度来看,它又不是一个孤立的政治事件。本文从政治学与行政学角度,以“文革”后期中央行政体制重新整合为中心事件,以周恩来与中央行政体制重新整合的互动为主题,以政治事态发展、机构与人事变动、高层政治格局中力量对比为线条,在探究中央行政体制重整政治社会背景的基础上,深入剖析这次中央行政体制的重整过程、重整后的构成和运行,中央行政体制重整对中国政治发展的影响及周恩来在其中发挥的重要作用。历史的转变和发展,从来都是各发展阶段相互联系的一个过程。本文认为,“文革”后期中央行政体制重新整合及运行,不仅对于当时国民经济的恢复和发展、政治社会的趋于稳定发挥了积极的作用,而且对于维系国家政治统治和进行政治管理、促进中央行政体制功能和价值的实现,对于国家政治体制的基本恢复与运行乃至中国政治、行政发展,都具有至关重要的政治价值和深远意义。同时,受“文革”指导思想和“文革”路线方针的限制和影响,它势必在一定程度上打上“文革”的时代烙印和痕迹。因此,我们必须清醒认识、客观评价、全面分析这次中央行政体制重整在中国政治、行政发展中的实际地位和作用,而不能对其任意的拔高和扩展。作为中央行政体制重新整合的主要决策者和执行者,周恩来无疑发挥了重要的政治作用和影响。本文结合周恩来在中央行政体制重整前后的政治活动,对周恩来在中央行政体制重整中的角色定位、作用及角色限制做了较为深入的剖析,并得出结论：“文革”后期,在毛泽东支持下,周恩来对于中央行政体制重新整合是对中国未来政治发展的一种筹划和政治交代。他在中央行政体制重整中所发挥的重要作用彰显了其作为一代政治伟人在身处逆境时,所表现出的讲究策略、灵活决策的高超政治韬略和鞠躬尽瘁、死而后已的高尚政治品格。作为新中国行政管理体制的奠基人,周恩来在领导和管理政府实践中形成了富有特色的行政管理思想和行政体制改革思想,这些思想不仅对于建国后中央行政体制运行,尤其是“文革”后期中央行政体制重新整合发挥了重要的作用和影响。而且,它对于当前中央行政体制改革同样具有重要的指导意义和现实启示。本文对此也做了较为深入的分析。另外,作为中央行政体制重新整合的特殊政治背景,文化大革命在很大程度上制约和延缓了中央行政体制的顺畅运行和正常调整。本文在反思“文革”教训的基础上形成了对于当前中央行政体制改革的一些思考：1.以职能转变为核心,使中央行政体制改革更加适应经济社会发展的需求。2.进一步理顺党政领导体制,为中央行政体制改革提供更加有效的政治支持。3.全面推进依法行政,坚持中央行政体制改革的法治化道路。4.推动多元主体合作,多方面培育中央行政体制改革的动力基础。5.从实际需要出发,进一步推进中央行政机构改革。更多还原

【Abstract】 Studying political science, we must study significant political events and important political figures. Among the numerous modern china’s political events and political figures, Zhou Enlai, who is always in the core of the political power, re-integrated central administrative system during the later period of the Cultureal Revolution, which is regarded as a significant political event. At the same time, if we see it from the relation of "re-integration" and the process of the Cultureal Revolution, the starting of the reform, as well as China’s political and administrative development, it isn’t an isolated political event.From political and administrative point of view, taking the re-integration of the central administrative system in the later period of the Cultureal Revolution as the central event, Zhou Enlai’s interaction with the re-integration of central administrative system as the subject, politianl development, institution and personnel changes, balance of power in higher-level political arrangement as the clue, and on the basis of the research into the Social and political background of the re-integration of the central administrative system.the paper analyzes in depth the reorganization of the central administrative system, the formation and the running of the new central administrative system, the political effect of the re-integration of central administrative system to China’s political and administrative development, and Zhou Enlai’s political action.Changing and development of history, have always been a process whose various stages of development are interrelated. This paper argues that re-integration and operation of the central administrative system during the later "Cultural Revolution" period has not only contributed to the former economic recovery and development, as well as the political society’s stabilization, but also have important political values and far-reaching significance for the maintenance of the country’s political domination and political management, for promoting the realization of the functions and values of the central administrative system, and for the basic recovery and operation of the country’s political system, even for China’s political and administrative development. But at the same time, with the effect of the guiding ideology and guidelines of the Cultural Revolution, it inevitably had the time trace of the Cultural Revolution. Therefore, we must keep awake, we must evaluate objectively and analyze the actual status and role of the re-integration of the central administration system in China’s political and administrative development Comprehensively, rather than exaggerate and expand it randomly.As the most important decision maker and executive of the reintegration of the central administrative system, there was no doubt that Zhou Enlai played an important political role and political influence. Connected with Zhou Enlai’s political behaviour before and after the re-integration of the central administrative system, the paper analyzes in depth Zhou Enlai’s role and role restrictions in the re-integration of the central administrative system, the paper reaches a conclution that Zhou Enlai’s re-integration of the central administrative system during the later period of the Cultural Revolution under the support of Mao Zedong is a plan and Political accountability to China’s future political development. Zhou Enlai’s role and effects in the re-integration of the central administrative system showed the great man’s high political strategy of tactical in danger and noble-minded political character of sparing no efforts in dying.As the founder of China’s administrative management system, Zhou Enlai created characteristic views of administrative management and reform of administrative system.The views have significant impact on the operation of the new founded China’s central administrative system,especially on the re-integration of the central administrative system during the latter period of the Cultural Revolution. Moreover,it also has significant leading and revelatory impact on the current reform of the central administrative system.The paper has summarized and analyzed it.In addition, as the special political background of the re-integration of the central administrative system, Cultural Revolution constrainted and postponed the smooth working and normal adjustment of the central administrative system. The paper formed some thoughts about the current reform of the central administrative system on the basis of reflection on lessons of the Cultural Revolution. First, taking transform of functions as the core, try to make the central administrative system more adaptable to the economic and social development needs. Second, further rationalizing the system of the CPC and government’s leadship in order to offer more effective political support for the central administrative system reform.Third, Comprehensively promoting administration according to law, adhere to the law-governing road of the central administrative system reform.Fourth, promoting multi-subject cooperation and multi-faceted cultivating the basis of reform of the central administration. Fifth,further promoting the reform of the central administrative organization on the basis of practical needs.更多还原