【作者】 周晓红；

【导师】 柳海民；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 随着科技的进步、经济的发展,现代教育在社会发展中的重要性早己得到人们的认可,教育已成为各国继经济、科技之后的又一发展战略重点,并取得了令世人瞩目的成就,教育也确实在促进社会、个体的发展方面起到了非同凡响的作用。但是,在这些辉煌业绩的掩映下,教育上所存在的问题,面临的危机和挑战也日益凸现出来。教育发展过程中利弊参半的事实,使人们认识到教育进步、成就的取得是与问题的存在和负面的结果相伴而行的。人们在享受成果的同时,也承受着巨大的付出和不良后果,于是,与教育发展取得的进步相对应,代价的问题便跃入研究者的视野,并日渐清晰。以往学界对教育发展问题的研究,大多是从正面的、应然的角度去看待教育在促进社会、个体发展方面所取得的进步和成就,而很少从逆向的、实然的角度去考虑,教育的这些进步和成就的取得是以人们付出的代价换来的。因此,关于教育发展问题的研究,应该从辩证的,更全面、更客观的角度,从发展与代价的相互作用中寻求新的启示。这样我们在教育发展目标的制定上,在宏观、微观的教育决策上,在具体的教育、教学实践中,才能有全景式的观念,才能有权衡利弊得失的有效举措和行动,从而以最小的代价换取最大的发展,而这也正是本论文研究的出发点和目的。本论文主要采用文献分析法、比较研究法、个案研究法等方法,借助相关学科的有关理论,循着提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的逻辑顺序,就现代教育发展进程中的代价问题进行比较全面深入的探讨,以期初步建立教育代价问题的分析框架和理论体系。为此,本论文由三部分组成。论文的第一部分亦即第一章是对教育代价基本内涵的理论解读。在厘清代价内涵的基础上,明确教育代价的含义,分析教育代价的类型,论证合理性教育代价判定的标准,并为论文的下一步研究指出切入点,即从模式代价的角度对现代教育的代价问题做一个比较全面的系统分析。论文的第二部分亦即第二章、第三章、第四章是对教育代价问题的全景分析。就涉及教育系统运作的关键性领域——教育发展、教育过程和教育管理,以模式代价为切入点展开论述,使教育代价问题的研究不是仅停留在概念层次上的抽象解释,而是具体的有感性的分析说明。通过对教育发展代价、教育过程代价和教育管理代价的梳理和剖析,使人们认识到现代教育的过去、当下乃至未来,主要的教育代价是什么、为什么和如何规避与减小。论文的第三部分亦即第五章教育代价的控制是对教育代价问题如何解决的一个总的归纳和论证,目的是实现以最小的代价求得教育发展的最大效益。论文在阐明教育代价控制的内涵和可行性的基础上,指出教育代价控制的基本运行机制,包括控制对象、控制手段、控制过程等三个环节；提出教育代价控制的实践策略,一是要确立科学的教育代价意识,二要掌握教育代价控制的具体操作方法,即条件调研、过程渗透、规模控制和转化导向。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the sci-tech progress and economic development, the significant role modern education plays in the society has long been recognized. As another priority in a country’s development strategy after economy and technology, education has made remarkable achievements. It is true that education has played an extraordinary part in the promotion of social and individual development. However, under these brilliant achievements, the problems in education as well as its challenges and crisis stand out. The fact that education is double-edged makes people realize that educational benefits are always accompanied with its problems and negative consequences. Therefore, in comparison with the educational development, "education costs" becomes a new perspective for researchers. The previous studies about educational development, mainly from a positive and "ought" angle, focus on the active role of education in social and individual progress. Rarely do they consider how much people have to pay for educational development from a reverse and actual perspective. Therefore, we should seek new inspiration based on the interaction of educational development and costs from a more comprehensive and objective perspective. In this way, we can formulate a panoramic view in teaching practice as well as setting up the educational goals, and making the macro and micro educational decisions. Only with this panoramic view can we measure its advantages and disadvantages to make effective measures so as to gain maximum benefits at a minimum cost. And this is the purpose and foundation of this thesis.This thesis mainly adopts various methods such as document analysis, comparative studies, case studies, and etc. With the related theories, this thesis carries out a comprehensive and in-depth study about educational costs during its development following the logical procedure of questions-analysis-solutions, which hopefully will form an initial analytical framework and theoretical system for the study of education costs. Therefore, this paper consists of three parts.The first part, the first chapter, aims to theoretically interpret the basic connotation of the education cost. It attempts to clarify the meaning and types of educational costs and set a reasonable standard for education cost. In addition, it provides a best approach to the next study of this paper, i.e., to conduct a more comprehensive and systematic analysis of the modern educational costs from the perspective of model cost.The second part including Chapter II, Chapter III, and Chapter IV is a panoramic analysis of educational costs. With the approach of cost model it explores three key aspects of education, educational development, educational process and educational management. This cost model approach enables this study to make a concrete and perceptual analysis instead of staying at the conceptual level of abstraction. The analysis and exploration of educational development, educational process and educational management can raise people’s awareness of modern education in the past, at present and in the future, the main cost of education, and why and how to avoid and reduce the cost.The third part of this thesis, Chapter V, concerning educational cost control, attempts to make an analysis and draw a conclusion on the solution to educational costs with the aim of obtaining the maximum profits at a minimum cost. Having clarified the meaning of educational cost control and its feasibility, it points out the basic operating mechanism including control object, means and process. Also, it puts forward these operating strategies. It is necessary to establish scientific awareness of educational costs, and master the specific control methods, namely, research conditions, infiltration process, scale control and orientation transformation.更多还原