【作者】 张莉莉；

【导师】 赵天忠；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 森林经理学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 面对人口剧增、环境恶化和森林资源匮乏的形势,我国提出了走生态环境、社会发展和经济效益协调发展的可持续森林经营之路。随着林区改革的深化,如何在保持森林可持续性的前提下追求尽可能高的经济产出和生态产出,已成为我国林业工作者极为重视的问题。“发展是硬道理”,实现合理的经济目标是社会、生态和经济协调发展即可持续发展的基础和保障。面临林业改革中急需解决的价值计量和经营评价的问题,本论文探讨了林木价值的估算方法和林木资源在采伐利用中最优经济利用的分析方法及其应用问题。通过实地调查、文献研究、定量与定性分析相结合等方法,探讨了在林木和林分经营利用过程中一体化决策分析的新思路,为集约化和精细化森林经营管理综合决策分析增加了一个实用的新方法。论文主要反映了下列内容：首先,探讨了林木经济利用活动所依据的理论基础和指导思想。通过阐述对林业可持续发展和可持续经营的认识,明确了森林经营的主要任务是在保持森林可持续性的前提下,追求尽可能高的经济产出和生态产出。在此基础上,分析、探讨了森林地租理论、林木资源价值理论、协同发展理论、集约经营理论和最优配置理论,并且进一步综合林业可持续和以上这些理论的基本思想,作为本文研究的指导思想与理论依据。第二,对林木经济利用一体化决策分析方法的研究基础进行了探讨。在分析、评议了林木价值核算的必要性以及林木价值多种核算方法的特点、内容和适用性等基础上,阐述了资源的合理利用以及林木资源最佳经济利用的含义,以及林木资源利用中经济分析方法的内容、特点及应用,并提出了根据研究对象的实际,以多种方法择优集成的观点,为探讨林木资源优化利用一体化决策分析方法奠定了基础。第三,论证了林木价值估算方法和林木经济利用分析方法的研究思路,根据林木经济利用一体化决策分析方法的流程,提出利用原木等产品倒算、边际分析等方法,对林木价值和林木最优经济利用、优化配置进行一体化决策分析的新思路和方法。介绍了福建省连江县陀市国有林场实验地,利用原木倒算法对原木、立木和林分林木价值进行了估算,利用边际分析法对林木利用中的投入与产出分析过程和方法以及对林分采伐时间和采伐量抉择进行了实证分析。第四,对应用上述研究方法的技术支持进行了探讨,对相应信息系统进行了分析和设计,阐述了基本数据流程与功能结构,为新方法的实施提供了技术支持。第五,论文对所提出的分析思路的学术意义与方法的实用价值进行了评议,并对存在问题和改进途径进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forest sustainable management has been stated by Chinese government to achieve the coordinated development of ecological environment, social development and economic benefits facing the pressure of forest resource scarcity, environmental degradation and population increase continuously. With deeply reform in forest region, it is a key issue for Chinese foresters how to pursue the highest economic output and ecological production under the premise of forest sustainability. "Developing Is an Unyielding Principle".The coordinated development of society, ecology and economy is based on the realization of economic goals. This paper discussed the application of methods of optimum economic decision-making in forest harvesting stage and estimation methods of stand value. New ideas of integrated economic analysis in forest stand utilization were probed through field surveys, literature research, quantitative and qualitative analysis and other methods in order to increase a new approach for the integrated decision in intensification and refinement forest management. This paper mainly covers the following contents:First of all, the theory of sustainable development and sustainable forestry management are summaried as basic theory and guiding, The relevance theories as forest rent, valuation of stumpage、Synergetics and development、intensive management and optimum allocation of resources have been studied and combined to be as a guiding of this research..Secondly, methods of economic utilization of forest were discussed. Based on the analysis and review of necessity of valuation of stumpage and characteristics, contents, and applicability of various valuation methods, this paper expounded the meaning of rational use of resources and optimum economic decision in forest resources, as well as the contents, characteristics and applications approaching methods of economic analysis in the process of timber utilization. In addition, the point that preferred integration of various methods according to research object was proposed for the probing of analysis concerning optimum economic decision in forest resources.Thirdly, the research ideas of stumpage value estimation methods and analysis of economic utilization of timber were expounded,.At the same time, it puts forwarded the method which could have a integrated analysis of forest value, optimum economic utilization of forest and forest stand optimization by economic analysis process of forest utilization, product retrograde calculating, marginal analysis and so on. Besides, this paper introduced the value estimation of logs and forest stand in the test site of Lian Jiang National Forest Farm in Fujian Province, it also did research on forest stand’s input and output process along with time and determination of cutting through marginal analysis.Fourthly, this paper studied the technical support concerning these research methods mentioned above Furthermore, it completed the analysis and design of the corresponding information systems, and probed basic data flow and function structure in order to provide technical support for the implementation of new methods.Fifthly, the paper commented on the practical value of the methods and academic significance of ideas which mentioned above, and discussed the existing problems as well as the improved approach.更多还原