【作者】 邢丽贤；

【导师】 周清跃；

【作者基本信息】 中国铁道科学研究院 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 本文结合提速线路钢轨伤损的现场调查结果,对提速条件下钢轨的伤损特点进行了研究,重点对钢轨滚动接触疲劳伤损进行了分析研究,提出了修改我国钢轨伤损分类标准的建议。各铁路局有代表性的提速线路区段钢轨伤损情况调查的数据及分析结果表明：除传统伤损形式以外,又出现了一些钢轨伤损的新类型,主要有：直线钢轨交替不均匀侧面磨耗；钢轨滚动接触疲劳伤损；钢轨波浪状弯曲。本文分别对这三种新的钢轨伤损形式的特点及其形成原因进行了深入的分析研究,为预防和解决提速条件下的钢轨伤损问题提供了可靠依据。近年来随着铁路运输条件的变化,钢轨滚动接触疲劳伤损日益突出,不仅出现在曲线上股,还出现在下股和直线的轨距角及踏面中心部位,严重影响钢轨的使用寿命甚至危及行车安全。我国目前钢轨滚动接触疲劳伤损主要表现为轨头斜裂纹、隐伤和剥离掉块。本文针对广深、京广线以及进口热处理钢轨出现的滚动接触疲劳伤损,重点对轨头斜裂纹伤损、斜裂纹萌生机理以及扩展的全寿命模型进行了分析研究,讨论研究了钢轨强度等级、轨底坡对钢轨滚动接触疲劳(RCF)的影响,并提出相应预防对策及建议。在国内钢轨使用情况调查和检验分析的基础上,参考国内外钢轨伤损分类方法及有关各种典型伤损的资料,论述了我国铁路钢轨的伤损类型及其伤损状态和伤损原因,可以作为现场判断钢轨伤损类型、分析钢轨伤损原因的参考资料,同时也结合我国铁路伤损钢轨统计工作概况,提出了修改钢轨伤损分类标准的建议。该论文的研究成果与提速条件下铁路行车安全密切相关具有重要的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the field survey results of rail defect on the higher speed line, the defect characteristics of higher speed rail were studied. By analysis of rail rolling contact fatigue, the proposals were put forward to revise classification criteria of rail defect in China, which are closely related to the railway traffic safety under the condition of higher speed.The survey about rail defect was investigated on the typical higher speed track section of mostly Railway Bureaus and the results indicated that except for the traditional defect types there were three new rail defect types including uniform alternation side wear of rail in straight line, rail rolling contact fatigue(RCF) damage and rail wave bend. The features and formation causes of the three new rail defect types were studied and reliable measures were provided in this paper to prevent and solve the rail defect problems on higher speed track.With the changes of railway transport condition in recent years, rail rolling contact fatigue damage has become more and more prominent. The damage not only appears on high rail in curved track, but also on low rail, gauge corner and head surface central section of both rails in straight track. It greatly affects the service life of rail and even endangers traffic safety of railway. In China head checking, squat and spelling are the main performance patterns of rail rolling contact fatigue damage. Concerned with rail rolling contact fatigue damage emerging on Guangshen and Jingguang railway track, and imported heat-treated rail, the thesis mainly analyses and studies head checking damage, its initiation mechanism and whole life model of its propagation. The influence by rail strength grade and rail cant on rail rolling contact fatigue damage was discussed and the corresponding prevention counter measures and recommendations were put forward.On the basis of investigation about service condition and test analysis, the paper dissertates types, states and reasons of rail defect. By referencing domestic and foreign classification methods of rail defect and information of all kinds of typical defects, reference materials were provided to confirm rail defect types for field workers and analyze the reasons for rail defect. Combined with statistics task overview of rail defect in China, the thesis suggests that the classification criteria of rail defect should be revised, and it will have significance of reality.更多还原