【作者】 唐胜军；

【导师】 陈彤；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 农产品是人类赖以生存和发展的基本物质条件,也是国家繁荣安定、社会和谐发展的根本要素。农产品质量安全已不仅仅涉及到人类身体健康、生命安全,也关系到国家经济发展、社会稳定。随着经济全球化、贸易自由化和国际农产品贸易的迅速发展,各国农产品质量安全事件频频发生,消费者消费观念逐渐改变,新贸易保护主义不断抬头。而近几年,农产品安全问题依旧层出不穷,重大农产品安全事故不断,并显示出一些新特点。这些都要求政府不断完善农产品安全的管理,为保障国民的生活质量、生命安全尽责,研究新疆农产品质量安全政府管理更具意义。本文根据发展背景以及国内外相关研究,对农产品质量安全等概念的内涵和外延进行了科学界定,采用规范分析和实证分析、归纳和演绎相结合的研究方法,利用信息经济学、公共经济学、博弈论、西方经济学等相关理论,从研究背景、目的和意义出发,分析、总结国内外农产品质量安全发展历程、现状、动态、趋势与经验。’本文通过对中外农产品安全监管中的体系建设、监管机构及其权责、监管中的重要思路与方法等进行国内外比较,探讨美国、欧盟、日本等国的农产品安全监管中的可取之处。在分析现阶段全国、新疆农产品质量安全水平情况,造成农产品质量安全的原因的基础上,探讨新疆农产品质量安全政府管理现状、存在的问题和面临的困难,提出新疆农产品质量安全总体战略目标和新疆政府的职能定位以及新疆农产品安全政府管理体系的组织构架。进而提出新疆农产品质量安全的战略目标应分两个层次：第一层次是解决新疆农产品质量安全、农业可持续发展、环境保护等问题。以整个农业及其产品为对象,政府推动,强制执行,以提供公共产品为中心,追求社会效益和生态效益。第二层次是增强新疆农产品市场竞争力,从而提高农业收益和农民收入。以优势特色农业及其产品为对象,政府引导,市场运作,以为市场提供优质农产品为中心,追求经济效益。根据总体目标,新疆农业质量安全战略必须整体推进,分类指导,实施“无公害农产品行动计划”,保障农产品质量安全；实施农业可持续发展战略,实现绿色农业的生态保护功能。立足于国际、国内两个市场,突出重点,发挥优势,实施区域资源优势发展战略,确定新疆绿色农业的优势产业；实施农业产业化发展战略,做大做强绿色农业；实施名牌发展战略,提升绿色农产品的市场竞争力。分别从管理体系和保障体系两个方面提出完善新疆农产品质量安全体系的对策。剖析农产品安全利益相关者责权,对农业环境、功能区划、基地建设,农户、农业企业、经济合作组织等生产环节和市场、消费者的政府监管提出政府管理措施。探讨新疆政府建立农产品安全可追溯制度、绿色农业信息网络,加强社会和舆论监督以及新疆政府建立、完善农产品(农产品)安全风险分析、预警与应急体系。认为新疆需要优先建立适合的农产品安全预警体系,构建农产品安全预警体系框架,着重建设体系中的信息源系统、预警分析系统、反应和快速反应系统,提高预防和控制农产品安全卫生的能力。又进一步提出农产品质量安全的对策措施,健全新疆政府农业质量安全管理的支撑体系,包括建立和完善农产品质量安全法律法规、标准化体系、检测检验体系。提出增加投入,完善绿色农业保护措施,加大绿色农业人才队伍建设,建立绿色农业技术支撑体系,整合现有农产品(农产品)认证机构加快推进无公害农产品认证进程。最后得出论文的主要结论和需要进一步研究的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agricultural product is the basic material for the existence and development of mankind,the fundamental elements for national stability and prosperity,the harmonious development of society. Agricultural product safety issues related to public health and safety.With the economic globalization,the liberalization of trade and the rapid development of international agricultural product trade,the quality safety of agricultural product involves not only the human healthy and life security,but also the national economic development and social stability. However,under the background of the facts that the quality safety incidents of agricultural product happen in various countries again-and again,consumer’s consumption ideas change gradually,and new trade protectionism is resuming constantly.At present,however,Chinese food safety issues still emerged in endlessly.This reality has also reflected some new characteristics of our food safety issues.Thus,in order to ensure the.people’s living quality and living safety,Chinese government should consummate the supervision and management system for food safety unceasingly.So it is of great significance to study the agricultural product quality safety government management system in Xinjiang.This paper adopts the standardize analysis and real example analysis,combines with induction and deduction,and utilizes the relevant theories as information economics,public economics,game theory,western economics,etc.Proceeding from research background, purpose and meaning, introduces the current studying situation both at home and abroad.Regarding information asymmetry theory as the starting point,points out that a large number of information asymmetries exist in the quality safety management of agricultural product,and analyzes the reasons that this kind of phenomenon produces,and the serious consequence,thus draws the conclusions that it is a must to set up perfect government management system,so as to guarantee agricultural product quality security.This thesis starts from the definition of the relevant concepts and then analyzed and summarized agricultural product quality safety systemp,resent condition,general trend and experiences in China.And advantages and main problems for agriculture development in Xinjiang were pointed out.And the author thinks that instead of copying the inland China model Xinjiang should make use of the regional advantage and develop green agriculture.And then the author pointed out that agriculture development in Xinjiang should include two layers:the first layer is to solve the problems of agriculture products quality safety,sustainable agriculture development,and environment protection etc. targeting at all kinds of agriculture products to provide public products to the society and pursuit social and ecological benefit.Second layer is to increase the agriculture products competitiveness and increase agriculture benefit and farmers income.Targeting at high quality agriculture products,through marketing to provide fine quality agriculture products and pursuit high economic effect. In accordance with the objective,green agriculture development strategy must be pushed forward at full range,and "injure-free food movement plan " must be implemented to guarantee quality.Sustainable agriculture should be developed to achieve ecological protection function.Aiming at both domestic and international markets to set the advantageous sectors of Xinjiang green agriculture,to carry out industrialization strategy and famous brand strategy and thus the increase the market competitiveness of green products.Through going on in detail analyzing to current situation of Xinjiang agricultural product quality security system,points out the problems that exist in Xinjiang agricultural product quality safety system at present,and uses the advanced experience of the developed countries’agricultural product quality safety system for reference, to offer the counter measures to perfect the agricultural product quality safety system in Xinjiang from two respects of the management system and security system separately.Based on the analysis of contribution factors of pollution and the current situation about quality management of agricultural product in Xinjiang,this paper presents the approaches about the management in quality and safety of agricultural Product,which include strengthening inspection of production and circulation and perfecting surport system.The approaches about the inspection of production and circulation of agricultural product include protecting agricultural ecological environment,strengthening control to agricultural input,expanding agricultural production industrialization and standardization,enhancing the supervision to agricultural product market,reforming circulationcstyle of agricultural product and establishing trace ability. In order to perfect the agricultural product quality safety system.Xinjiang should establish a suitable agricultural product quality safety pre-warning system and improve the competences of defending and controling agricultural product quality safety problems.This paper put forward a framework of agricultural product quality safety pre-warning system by a way of framing function modules,and emphasizes on the study of the information source system and warnin ganalises system and reaction and rapid response system.This paper also put forward the supplementary measures which is to emphasize government responsibility,and establish the systems of green agriculture management,quality standard,quality check and test,market service,technical support and information net work etc,and carry out market entrance permit system,increase capital input to upgrade green agriculture protection measures and emphasize green agriculture personnel foster.更多还原