新中国60年货币思想史领域五个理论的历史演进研究

【作者】 刘贵鹏；

【导师】 韦苇； 杨建飞；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 经济思想史， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 2007年美国爆发的次贷危机,其根源与美国实施宽松的货币政策不无关系。同年,我国发生了一定程度的通货膨胀,使人民生活水平受到严重影响,而通货膨胀在弗里德曼看来不管在何时何地都是一种货币现象。这一切足以说明戴着神秘面纱的货币与现实经济生活息息相关,因此,货币理论的研究就显得极为重要。作为经济学的一个重要组成部分,金融理论的核心内容,货币理论历来是西方经济学界研究的一个重点,在我国,自新中国成立60年以来,货币理论走过了一个漫长、曲折而又生生不息的道路。可以说,它的发展见证了我国的经济发展、改革开放、体制转轨,也是我国经济理论的一个缩影。总体来说,我国当代货币理论基本来源于国外,但无论从发展过程还是从思想本身都带有中国经济发展中不同阶段的时代特征。本文从经济思想史的角度,对新中国成立60年来的若干货币理论进行了梳理和分析,翔实地展现了经济体制变迁下中国货币理论发展的轨迹和脉络。从中可以看出,我国当代的货币理论具有发展的阶段性和连续性特征,并且经历一个“约束→繁荣→迷失”的过程。本文在横向上将货币理论分为五大部分,货币的基本理论、货币的流通规律、货币的供求理论、通货膨胀理论和货币政策。同时,在每部分以时问的先后次序为线索进行论述,尽量体现货币理论发展的阶段性和连续性特征。具体内如如下：第一章为导论,主要说明了研究的背景、意义和研究的现状。第二章为货币基本理论的研究,归纳分析了国内学者关于人民币的本质问题、价值基础及职能问题的争论,同时论述了有关货币本质问题的观点以及货币有无阶级性与时间价值的争论。第三章是货币流通理论部分,首先简述了有关货币流通范围和货币概念的研究,然后对货币流通规律(主要是纸币流通规律)的有关研究进行了阐述,最后从定性和定量两个方面对货币流通正常化标志的有关研究作了梳理,还就中国的“经验数据”的论述进行了简要说明。第四章为货币供求理论,我国的货币理论主要从20世纪80年代才逐步出现的,因此,本文将其划分为三个阶段：1980年代、1990年代和2000年至今进行阐述,依次经历了兴起、发展和最新发展三个阶段,在每一个阶段又分为货币供给理论和货币需求理论两个部分。第五章是有关通货膨胀理论的研究,首先简述了通货膨胀的涵义,然后对关于通货膨胀与经济的关系的研究作了归纳评析,随后介绍了通货膨胀预期理论特别是李拉亚的粘性预期理论,最后对三次通货膨胀的成因分作了大体的归类。第六章为货币政策理论,主要从国内金融界关于货币政策的最终目标、中介目标、传导机制和有效性的研究等四个方面进行了详细的阐析。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2007, the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis erupted, which rooted American looser monetary policy to some extent. In the same year, China erupted the inflation and affected Chinese people’s living standards. The inflation is a monetary phenomenon whenever and wherever, which states a fact that the currency is interrelated with realistic economic life. Therefore, monetary theory study appears very important. As an important part of economics and the core content of financial theory, monetary theory is always a focus of the research of western economics. In China, monetary theory have had a long, tortuous and perpetuate development since established in 60’s. We can say, the development of China’s monetary theory is the testimony of economic development, reform and opening, the economic system transition in China, also a miniature of economic theory. In general, the current China’s monetary theory is basically from abroad, but also represents different features of different stages and times in the process of China’s economic development from the course and the idea.From the Angle of history of economic thought, this paper accurate analyzes contemporary monetary theories of China (since the founding of the people’s republic of China), shows the developing path and context of China’s monetary theory under the changing of economic system. It shows that China’s monetary theory have characteristics of continuity and interim stage, and experiences the course from "closing" to "losting", and to "booming" at last.This paper is of six chapters:The first chapter mainly includes the research background, the significance and the present situation of the research.The second chapter is of the basic monetary theoretical research. Analyzes the arguments of Chinese scholars about the essence, the value foundation and the function of RMB, and discusses the debate about the nature, the class and the Time’s value of monetary.The third chapter is of monetary current theories. Studies the current scope of monetary and monetary concept, then presents the research of monetary current laws (mainly paper currency), finally concludes the researches about monetary current marks of normalization and makes a brief analysis of the researches of China’s "experience data ".The fourth chapter is of monetary theory of supply and demand, China’s monetary theory was developed mainly from 1980s, therefore, the paper will be divided into three periods:in the 1980s and 1990s and since 2000, in which all experienced three stages:the rise, the development and the latest development, and in every stage divided into the supply and the demand.The fifth chapter is of inflation theoretical research. First introduces the meaning of inflation, then summarizes the relationship between inflation and economic, then introduces the inflation expectations theory, especially lee laya viscous expectations theory, finally classifies reasons of three times of inflation.The sixth chapter is of monetary policy theories, mainly discusses monetary policy in domestic financial theories from four aspects of the ultimate goal, intermediary goal, transmission mechanism and effectiveness of the research更多还原