【作者】 冯兵；

【导师】 孟小红；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 本文重点研究了鄂尔多斯盆地利用自然电场法探测石油的方法和效果。综述了自然电场探测油气藏的机理及目前国内外自然电场法探测油气藏的现状。长期以来,由于自然电位形成的原因多,干扰因素多,测量精度等问题,一直影响着自然电位在油气勘探中的应用。测量精度主要是由仪器设备的稳定性、抗干扰能力及测量方法决定的。所以选择合理的测量方法及提高仪器设备的稳定性和抗干扰能力是自然电位测量方法的关键。本文分析了传统的自然电位观测及处理方法在油气勘探中的不适应性。提出了多测道叠加自然电位观测方式,并依据新的观测方案,研制了仪器(GDZD—16),该仪器实现了多道同时连续观测及低频范围内时序曲线的观测,并实现了循环基点观测方式,且兼容传统的自然电位观测方法。实际观测结果表明,该设备在抗干扰、数据采集精度等方面优于常规的自然电场法仪器。对鄂尔多斯盆地的时变电场的研究表明,大面积、长时间的自然电位油气勘探需要对自然电场进行日变、季变改正。依据实测资料及理论分析,提出了鄂尔多斯盆地自然电场的构成,并指出山地过滤电场是鄂尔多斯盆地自然电场油气勘探的最主要干扰。在资料处理方面:采用多种统计方法在电位时序曲线上提取与油气藏有关的电位,较好的压制了时变电场的干扰,提高了观测精度;用分时、线及块相关分析法对宁县-合水地区、姬塬-麻黄山地区山地过滤电场进行了校正,结果表明较好的解决了鄂尔多斯盆地山地过滤电场问题;利用不同尺度窗口滤波技术及趋势面分析法消除了区域自然电场,突出了局部油气自然电场;采用基于虚电流源理论的边界积分法进行自然电场地形影响校正(俗称‘曲化平’);提出了利用电流线的流动方向解释油气自然电场方法;利用变异系数较好的确定自然电位异常的边界;提出了油气自然电位形态识别技术;建立了适用于鄂尔多斯盆地油气藏勘探的自然电位处理流程。通过对鄂尔多斯盆地宁县-合水地区,姬塬-麻黄山地区等近2000平方千米叠加自然电位观测资料的处理及分析,说明了用自然电位法探测油藏是可行的。对已知油井与叠加自然电位异常的统计分析表明,其总有效率为60%-70%。提高油井成功率约20%,干井比例降低20%。更多还原

【Abstract】 The validation of oil exploration using spontaneous potential(SP) methods in the Ordos Basin is studied in this paper. Mechanism of survey and research progress at home and abroad for exploring oil and gas reservoirs using spontaneous potential (SP) are reviewed. For a long time, different causes of forming SP, large disturbances and measurement accuracy issues, have affected the natural potential in oil and gas exploration. Measurement accuracy is mainly decided by the stability, anti-interference ability of instruments and equipment and measurement method. So, Choosing the right methods and improving the stability and anti-jamming capability is the key to the natural potential measurement method.Inadaptability of traditional SP measurement and processing in oil and gas exploration is analyzed in the paper. A multi-channel superposition measurement mode of SP method is proposed and the instrument (GDZD-16) is developed based on the new observation method. The multi-channel continuous observation in one time and timing curve observations of low-frequency range are performed, and the cycle basis points observation method compatible with the traditional SP measurement method are implemented. The actual observation results show that this Instrument is superior to conventional instruments in aspect of the interference device, data acquisition precision. Time-varying electric field studies in Ordos Basin indicate that a large area, long natural gas exploration using SP method need diurnal correction and quarter correction. According to the measured data and theoretical analysis, composition of natural electric field in the Ordos Basin is proposed, and that Mountain filtering natural electric field is the mainly interference in oil and gas exploration in the Ordos Basin is pointed.In the data processing: potential relative to oil and gas reservoirs is extracted in the potential timing curve using a variety of statistical methods, which better suppressed the interference of time-varying electric field and improved the accuracy of observation; Mountain filter the electric field In Ning and Heshui County, Jiyuan - Ma Huang area is corrected with correlation analysis method, and the results show that preferable solving the problem of Mountain filtering electric field in the Ordos Basin; the regional natural electric field was eliminated using window filtering technique using different scales and total trend analysis method, and the SP of local oil and gas is highlighted; topographic correction is performed based on the theory of virtual current source with boundary integral method to the natural electric field(commonly known as ’ reduction of curved surface into a horizontal plane’); method of interpretation for oil and gas exploration using the current flow direction and determination of the boundaries of SP anomalies making using of coefficient of variation is proposed; pattern recognition technology oil and gas SP is presented and the SP processes of oil and gas exploration in the Ordos Basin is established.Through SP processing and analysis of observational data for stack of nearly 2,000 square kilometers of natural potential in In Ning and Heshui County, Jiyuan - Ma Huang area in the Ordos Basin, it shows that exploration of oil and gas reservoirs using SP method is feasible. The statistics and analysis of superposition of the known oil and gas reservoirs SP anomaly showed that the total effective rate was 60% -70%, the success rate of oil well was about 20%, proportion of dry wells was reduced 20%..更多还原