【作者】 秦青林；

【导师】 陈方正；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 资源产业经济， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 城市对于国家经济非常重要,承载着多种功能,同时又是人口聚集、经济发展领先、能源需求密集的复杂系统。能源对于人类生存以及社会经济发展非常重要,是物质基础,也是重要保障,对经济和社会可持续发展,提高人类的生活水平,提高环境的质量,保证国家和城市能源的安全具有重要的战略高度的意义。随着我国城镇化进程的不断加快,国内的一些城市,尤其是一次能源缺乏型的城市已成为我国主要的能源消费大户,数量和规模在逐年增长。由于物质与生俱来的属性,尽管石油、煤炭、电力、煤气等都属于能源,但电力是不能储存的,煤气的储存也受设备的限制和制约。目前,真正可以用于大规模能源储备的只有石油和煤炭,而煤炭与石油放在一起比较,煤炭的资源储量大约是占我国矿产资源储备的90%,占化石能源的比重是95%,非常具有的资源潜力。煤炭的基础性地位还体现在与其他能源相比,煤炭具有明显的成本优势,而且煤炭的价格是并较少受国际市场影响的。同时考虑煤炭的供应地主要在我国北部和西部,而消费地主要集中在东南沿海城市。以上海为例,煤炭运输的距离约2000公里,铁路运输为7～15天,水陆联运为15～25天。如果出现情况,由于运输紧张,是容易造成煤炭供应中断,因此,煤炭储备更显得必要。确立以煤炭为基础的能源发展战略,建立以煤为基础的城市能源战略储备系统,是城市突破能源瓶颈,走可持续发展的必然选择。本文试图借助资源产业经济的可持续发展理论和方法,围绕如何建立以煤为基础的城市能源战略储备系统的总体目标,对煤炭战略储备的概念,设计原则,储备规模,管理体制和风险控制等内容,通过宏观分析和微观分析、定性分析和定量分析、横向比较和纵向比较相结合,采用比较法、文献分析法、实证分析法及数理模型的方法做了深入研究,建立了城市煤炭战略储备的基本框架图,给出了具有一定普遍意义的分析方法,并以上海市为背景,研究城市煤炭战略储备这个特定问题,一方面将资源产业经济的可持续发展理论和方法在实践中加以应用;另一方面也试图拓展资源产业经济的应用领域,丰富相关的研究和应用方法,研究成果将为政府提供决策参考依据,为有关大型企业经营决策提供帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban cities are crucial to the state economy. They have various functions and at the same time, bear a complicated system in regard to the population accumulation, the economic development, and the intense energy demand. Energy is very important for human survival and for socio-economic development. It is the material foundation and also the important safeguard. Energy has the important strategic high significance to the economy and the social sustainable development, raising people’s living standard, improving the environmental quality, and ensuring the national and urban energy’s security.With rapid urbanization, some cities, especially those with energy deficiency, have become the country’s main energy consumption subjects. They grow both in quantity and scale. Because of different material quality, although petroleum, coal, electric power, and coal gas are all energy, electric power cannot be stored up and the coal gas storage has equipment limitation and restriction. Presently, large-scale energy reservation is only possible for petroleum and coal. Compare the two, coal reserve is approximately 90% of our country’s mineral resource reserve, and 95% of the fossil energy resource. Coal is a fundamental energy resource compared to other energy resources, because it has obvious cost advantage, and is less price-influenced by the international market. Supply of coal is mainly from the northwest part of our country, but consumption is mainly in the southeast coast cities. As an example of Shanghai, transportation distance is approximately 2000 kilometers, railway transportation is 7~15 days, land and water cross transportation is 15~25 days. If anything happened to transportation, coal supply will break down. Therefore, coal reserve appears a necessity. Establishing coal energy to be the foundation as an energy development strategy and an urban energy strategic reserve system, is the wise choice of urban cities breaking the energy bottleneck and having sustainable development.This article attempts to use the sustainable development theories and methods of resource industrial organization, and set up the general goal for the urban energy strategic reserve system, to define the concept of coal strategic reserve, the principle of design, the reserve scale, management system and risk control. Through macroscopic and microscopic analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis, crosswise and longitudinal comparison and empirical and mathematical model, we structure the urban coal strategic reserve chart, providing a universal significance analysis method. Take Shanghai as an example, we study urban city coal strategic reserve. On one hand, we can apply the theories and methods in reality; On the other hand, we can also enhance the application domain, enrich the related research and application method. The research results will provide decision-making reference for the government and large corporations.更多还原