【作者】 秦曼；

【导师】 王淼；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 渔业经济与管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 海洋渔业既是一种重要的自然资源,又是一种资产,其利用效率和配置效率直接影响着海洋经济对国民经济的贡献度。然而,渔业经济的高速发展必然带来渔业资源的持续衰退。虽然国家已经采取了一系列管理措施,但由于种种原因,收效有限。究其原因,就是现有海洋渔业资源资产的产权制度效率低下,成本与收益失衡,因此,如何建立高效率的海洋渔业资源资产产权制度是解决一切渔业问题的出发点和最终归宿。本文以我国海洋渔业资源现行的制度安排为切入点,以提升海洋渔业资源资产产权效率为主线,运用产权经济学和效率论的先进理论和方法,构建了产权效率的理论模型和测度模型以及产权优化配置模型,并在此基础上构建高效率的海洋渔业资源资产产权制度。具体的研究内容和成果主要体现在以下几个方面：一、本文分别从渔业法律制度、行政管理体制以及现行渔业制度安排等方面对现有海洋渔业资源资产产权制度进行剖析,分析其弊端,为以后建立高效的海洋渔业资源资产产权制度奠定基础。二、本文界定了海洋渔业资源资产产权的内涵与特点以及产权主体和产权的类型,并在此基础上建立海洋渔业资源资产的产权体系。三、全面、科学地分析了海洋渔业资源资产的产权效率以及影响产权效率的因素,构建了海洋渔业资源资产产权效率的理论模型。在此基础上,深入研究海洋渔业资源资产产权效率的具体测度方法,对产权制度的成本收益进行核算,构建了海洋渔业资源资产产权效率的“成本—效益”模型。四、运用优化理论对测度模型进行优化,构建了海洋渔业资源资产产权效率的优化配置模型,并分别对政府行政配置和市场配置下的海洋渔业资源资产产权制度进行具体配置。五、在所有研究的基础上找到一种政府和市场相结合的制度——ITQ制度,来规避政府失灵和市场失灵,并在此基础上提出两种发展方向,一是将捕捞许可证制度、休渔制度和ITQ制度进行整合；二是ITQs与社区组织相结合,可以从根本上改变渔业内部激励结构,形成以最低成本、最少要素投入达到个人配额的新的激励机制,从而可望使渔业资源衰退的局势得以扭转。更多还原

【Abstract】 However, the rapid development of fisheries economy will inevitably bring about the continued decline of fisheries resources. Although the state has taken a series of management measures, but for various reasons, have had limited success. The reason is that existing marine fisheries resources had lost the costs and benefits of balance. So, how to establish efficient property rights system of marine fisheries resources is the starting point and ultimate destination.to solve all fishery problems.Property rights of marine fisheries resource assets is not only the most important factor which effect the utilization efficiency, but also has a question of value judgment itself.The change of property rights arrangement and structure effect the efficiency of resources deployment. Perhaps we can think that the property rights is also one kind of element of production,on the base of the fixed other elements,the difference of property right disposition must lead to the difference of the efficiency of resources deployment.This paper takes the current system arrangement as the breakthrough point, promote the the property rights efficiency as a main stream. What’s more,the measure model of the property rights efficiency and the optimization distribution model are constructed,based on this,the high efficiency property system of marine fisheries resource assets are proposed.The material contents and productions of this dissertation are as follows:(1)This dissertation expounds the shortcoming of the current property rights system arrangement of the marine fisheries resource assets from three aspects,which include legal regime, administration system and institutional arrangements.(2)This dissertation mainly discusses the property right of marine fisheries resource assets.We defines the connotation,characteristic, the main body and type of property rights of marine fisheries resource assets firstly,based on which the property right system are established. (3)This article analyzes the property rights efficiency. Clear about the concept of the property rights efficiency,and the influencing factor,establish theoretical model. Then analyse and calcula of cost and income, establish and apply the measure model.(4)The optimization model are proposed on he base of the optimization method and optimization necessity.(5)This article find a combination of government and market systems-ITQ system to avoid government failure and market failure, and come up with two kinds of development direction, one is the integration of Bulao permit system, fishing system and ITQ system,the other is the combination of ITQs and community organizations, this method can fundamentally change the incentive structure within the fishing industry.更多还原