【作者】 陆前安；

【导师】 张林；

【作者基本信息】 上海体育学院 ， 体育人文社会学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 本研究梳理了国内外对社区体育俱乐部及其上位概念体育俱乐部、俱乐部、社区体育以及非营利组织的研究现状,由于对社区体育俱乐部的直接研究较少,本研究从其上位概念研究现状入手,对非营利组织相关研究文献进行研究,尤其对非营利组织与政府、市场、社区关系的相关研究进行认真的分析,对社区体育研究的现状进行简单的梳理,对体育俱乐部相关研究进行综合分析,最后对社区体育俱乐部的研究文献进行探究,分析各相关研究的成就、探讨研究存在的局限,为本研究提供借鉴和参考。在对国内外社区体育俱乐部相关研究现状的研究基础上,进一步探讨了社区体育俱乐部赖以发展的基础理论与国情背景,为研究的开展提供理论铺垫。根据研究的需要本研究从社区体育俱乐部的上位概念俱乐部、体育俱乐部的概念、分类入手,进而探讨我国社区体育俱乐部的概念、特征,并从非营利及三元结构视角来审视社区体育俱乐部的基本特性。继而追溯了我国社区体育俱乐部发展的历史沿革,分析了现代社区体育俱乐部出现的动因,对我国社区体育俱乐部发展所独具的国情环境也进行了分析。国外社区体育俱乐部发展有着丰厚的底蕴,为借鉴国外社区体育俱乐部发展的先进经验,本研究以美国、德国、日本、英国等发达国家为例介绍社区体育俱乐部在国外发展的历史沿革,探究了国外社区体育俱乐部与政府的多赢合作伙伴关系、良性的市场参与机制以及与社区的互动融入关系,并分析了国外社区体育俱乐部发展给我国带来的启示。在立足社区体育俱乐部发展的基础理论和国情背景、借鉴国外成熟经验的基础上,本研究从“三元结构理论”的视角,并结合对上海市社区体育俱乐部现状的调研,探究了社区体育俱乐部与政府、市场、社区之间的良性运行机制。首先,从基础理论入手探讨社区体育俱乐部与政府关系发展的指导理论。分析国家与社会领域关系构建的理论依据、梳理非营利组织与政府关系的理论模式,探讨我国非营利组织与政府关系的独有特色。进而从实证出发,以上海市为例,分析我国社区体育俱乐部与政府关系的现状,在此基础上构筑我国社区体育俱乐部与政府的“新型合作伙伴关系”,并提出伙伴关系实现的建议路径；其次,分析了我国社区体育俱乐部市场参与的必要性,以上海市为例对我国社区体育俱乐部的市场参与意识、市场定位状况、市场运作情况进行调查研究,在此基础上探讨了社区体育俱乐部如何进行科学的市场定位,同时构筑了社区体育俱乐部市场参与机制：即内部管理企业化、外部服务市场化、公信评估社会化,并提出社区体育俱乐部市场化运作的建议；最后,探讨了社区、社区建设、社区组织建设基础理论,结合上海市社区体育俱乐部现状调查,对我国社区体育俱乐部与社区的融入状况进行分析,进而构建了我国社区体育俱乐部社区融入的理想关系模式,并对该种融入关系实现提出建设性对策。进而,在前面分论的基础上,运用综合分析法提出了在维持社区体育俱乐部生态系统平衡状态下的可持续发展观。对社区体育俱乐部赖以生存的生态环境系统进行研究,依据组织生态学理论,分析了社区体育俱乐部的组织生态系统,探索了在维持社区体育俱乐部生态平衡状况下,保持社区体育俱乐部可持续发展的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper collates current research achievements about community sports clubs and their upperseat concept sports clubs、clubs、community sports and non-profit organizations at home and abroad. Since there are not many direct researches about community sports clubs,the study starts with the upperseat concept researches of community sports clubs, centering about the research on related documents about non-profit organizations, especially analyzing the related researches about the relationships between non-profit organizations and the government, market, community. It also focus on arranging the documents of current researches about community sports, comprehensively analyzing the related researches about sports clubs and studying on the research achievements about community sports clubs to work out the problems of the researches and to be of great use for the study of my research.The paper discusses the matter of basic theory and national conditions that have effects on the development of community sports clubs, basing on the research achievements of community sports clubs at home and abroad. The paper starts the research with the definition and classification of upperseat concept sports clubs of community sports clubs and sports clubs. It works out the conception and characteristics of the community sports clubs in our country as well as the basic characteristics of community sports clubs from the perspective of three-factor Structure. Tracing the history of the development of Chinese community sports clubs, the paper has a concrete analysis of the major underlying forces and the unique national environment that helps to shape the emerging of modern community sports clubs.Many developed countries have a long history and substantial experience of community sports clubs development, so the paper analyzes the development of foreign community sports clubs, studying the history of community sports clubs in the developed countries like America, German, Japan and Britain. It researches these community sports clubs’partnership with the government, positive market participating mechanism and combining with the communities to work out our own way in developing community sports clubs.From a three-factor-structure perspective, the paper studies a positive operational mechanism between community sports clubs and the government, market and the community, basing on the researches of basic theory and national conditions that have effects on the development of community sports clubs, substantial experience of some developed countries and the development status of community sports clubs in Shanghai. Firstly, the paper tries to work out a instructing theory of developing relationship between community sports clubs and the government by researching from the basic theories. It analyzes the theoretical foundation of the building relationship between the government and society, and also probes into the model of the relationship between the non-profit organizations and the government, and tries to find out the unique features of the relationship between non-profit organizations and the government in our country. Then taking the development of community sports clubs in Shanghai as an example, the paper tries to work out a new cooperative partnership relation and a feasible way to built it by analyzing current situation of the relationship between community sports clubs and the government in our country. Secondly, it discusses the necessity of marketing approaches for the community sports clubs in our country. The paper tries to find out a correct market positioning and a positive market mechanism that is enterprise-oriented inner-management, market-oriented outer-service and society-oriented evaluation of public faith for the community sports clubs and a feasible way to achieve the market-oriented operation by researching the market operation status of community sports clubs in Shanghai. Thirdly, the paper introduces a feasibility method on how to form an ideal pattern of the relationship between community sports clubs and the community, and to offer some constructive suggestions on how to work out such pattern under the researches on the basic theories of the community, community building and community organization building, as well as the analysis on the current pervasion status of community sports clubs in Shanghai with community.As a result, the paper tries to apply an analysis-by-synthesis method to suggest some sustainable development strategies for the community sports clubs under a balanced ecosystem on the basis of the researches before. That is, using the theories of organizational ecology to study on the ecological environment that community sports clubs rely for existence while the aim of the paper is to find out some sustainable development strategies for the community sports clubs to shape up in a balanced ecosystem.更多还原