【摘要】 在全球经济一体化和国际贸易日益发展的背景下,外来植物入侵引发的生物安全问题可能对现有的生态系统可持续性造成威胁。通过实地调查与查阅文献资料,对江苏外来入侵植物的区系组成、科属组成、地理成分、原产地、生活型及繁殖特性进行了统计和分析。结果表明:江苏省外来入侵植物共有229种,隶属于51科140属,其中被子植物共有49科138属227种,并以单子叶植物占有主导地位;从科属组成来看,大型科、单种属与寡种属占植物区系的主体,但较大属在种的层次上丰富度更高,表明江苏入侵植物区系内部结构较为复杂;江苏入侵植物区系具有较强的热带亲缘性,并在一定程度上受到温带植物区系的影响;美洲起源的植物居多,并以草本植物占绝对优势;入侵植物繁殖特性分析结果表明,49.56%的入侵植物以小型花、短花期来实现入侵;果实主要类型为蒴果,有利于种子传播;多数入侵植物以种子繁殖为主,28.82%的入侵植物兼有种子与克隆繁殖两种方式,其中克隆繁殖以分蘖为主,以利于提高其入侵能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the background of global economic integration and ever-increasing international trade,biosecurity incurred by the invasion of alien species may threaten ecosystem sustainability.Through field investigation and literature reviews,we analyzed the floristic composition,genus composition,geographical composition,origins,life forms and reproductive characteristics of the invasive species in Jiangsu Province. The results showed that there are 229 invasive species,belonging to 140 genera and 51 families. For angiosperm,there are 227 species in total from 138 genera in 49 families,which are dominated by monocotyledon. In the perspective of the composition of families and genera,large families,single-species genera and oligospecies genera composed the main body of the flora,but larger genera have higher abundance at the level of the species,indicating that the internal structure of the invasive flora in Jiangsu Province is complex.Furthermore,the invasive flora of Jiangsu Province has a strong tropical affinity and is largely influenced by temperate flora. Most of invasive species are from the Americas and dominated by herbaceous species. 49.56% of the invasive species are propagated with small flowers and short flowering period. The main fruit type of invasive species is capsule,which is beneficial to seed dispersal. Most invasive species are mainly seed propagation. 28.82% of the invasive species have both seed and clonal propagation,with the latter being the main way that is beneficial to improving its invasion ability.更多还原