【摘要】 为探究高原山地水电开发对坝下河道水温的影响,于2014年5月～2015年4月对功果桥水库开展水温原型观测,基于高密度观测资料,研究坝下河道沿程水温的时空分异特征,重点分析功果桥电站对坝下河道水温产生的影响。结果表明,电站运行后,大坝坝上及坝下多个观测点水温在全年多数时段高于建坝前水文站所测得的历史同期天然河道水温,存在增温情况;在坝下26km河段内,月均水温低于坝前表层水温,26km后的河段受小湾库区回水影响,全年水温呈现"坦化";除冬季(11月至次年2月)外的其他时期,功果桥电站坝前区域存在水温分层现象,表明参数α-β判别法在澜沧江流域应用具有局限性。更多还原

【Abstract】 To reveal the influence of hydroelectric development in the plateau mountain region on water temperature along the downstream of Gongguoqiao hydropower plant,aprototype observation in the Gongguoqiao reservoir was performed to describe the characteristics of water temperature change from May 2014 to April 2015.Based on the high-density observation data,the temporal and spatial variation of water temperature along the downstream of Gongguoqiao hydropower plant was elaborated,and the impact of the Gongguoqiao hydropower plant on water temperature was analyzed.According to the results,the water temperature of the dam and the river reaches affected by the dam were higher than that of the natural river after the construction and operation of the hydropower plant.Meanwhile,the water temperature of the influenced river reaches was mainly affected by the upper-stream and the water release from the power station and was lower than the surface water temperature in every month.While the other reaches downstream from the influenced ones were in the backwater region of the Xiaowan reservoir and the change of water temperature was not evident in the whole year.In addition,the differences during the peak and off-peak periods for power generation led to the variation of the water temperature,especially in the summer.The phenomenon of water temperature delamination in the reservoir dedicated that the discriminance ofα-βwas limited in the application of the Lancangjiang River.更多还原