【作者】 杜成文；

【导师】 陈昌；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着成品油的消费需求的增加,国内原油的供给远远不能满足需求,需要从国外大量进口原油,石油运输问题成为当前必须重视的问题,尤其是既经济又稳定的石油管道输运,保证其在输送过程中原油不凝固成为必须解决的核心问题,倾点是标定石油流动性的重要指标,它的准确测量具有十分重要的意义。 本设计是将自动化技术和嵌入式系统理论运用于石油倾点(凝点)测量方面。其设计依据是依照国家标准GB/T3535-83。石油倾点测量系统的设计具有以下特点: (1)采用双CPU结构,两个CPU之间通过串口进行通讯。两个CPU之间的这种弱联系,不但能提高控制的实时性,而且能有效的提高系统的可靠性。 (2)采用Cirrus Logic公司的16位高精度AD转换器CS5511,具有宽的动态特性、可编程输出速率、灵活的供电方式以及简便的三线串行输出方式使CS5511成为高精度温度测量的理想设计方案。 (3)介绍了一种新的温度测量系统漂移校正算法。该算法有效地解决了系统的零点漂移和放大器增益漂移,使得测量结果满足了本系统要求的测量精度。 整个系统包括显示终端、控制终端和上位机监控程序三个部分。显示终端的主要功能是进行人机交互,实时显示测量数据并对控制参数进行修改;控制终端的主要功能是进行倾点的全自动测量并能响应显示终端的命令进行手动控制;上位机监控程序的功能是查询各个节点的状态、修改各个节点的参数、实时曲线显示每个节点的实时数据和通过图形方式模拟指定节点的测量的具体过程。硬件设计包括显示终端和控制终端的原理图的设计、PCB板的绘制和硬件调试;软件设计包括显示终端软件、控制终端软件和上位机监控程序设计,编程语言涉及汇编语言、C语言和C++语言。 从试验数据可以看出石油倾点自动测量仪测量出的石油倾点可重复性和再现性优良,能够为石油的运输和储运提供可靠的依据。其测量精度高,自动化程度高,能够用于测量石油倾点较频繁,测量样品多的场合。但该系统还有许多地方需要完善和改进。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increase of the consumption of the processed oil, the domestic oil is far from meeting the demand. We have to import large amounts of oil overseas. The oil transportation must be paid much attention to. Keeping the oil liquid is the one of the most important thing during oil transportation throught pipeline which is the low cost and hign proformance.This main task of the design is measuring the oil flow point by means of automation technology and the theory of embedded system. It is designed according to the national standard GB/T3535-83 for flow point and national standard GB/T510-83 for solidfying point. This oil flow point measure system has following features:(1) Use double CPU stucture, communication between them is series communicaion. The weak connect confirms the real-time character of control and improve the reliability of the whole system;(2) Use the high-precision AD converter CS5511 of Cirrus Logic. Its wide dynamic characteristics, programmable output rate and flexible way of power supply make itself being the ideal design scheme;(3) Introduce a new algorithm of temperature adjustment. It sloves effectively the zero drift and amplifier gain drift. The result of temperature satisfies the demand of measuring accuracy.The whole system includes the display terminator, control terminator and the monitor program. The main functions of display terminator are man-machine interaction, displaying the real-time data and modifying the run parameters; the main functions of control terminator are measuring the flow point of oil automatically and responding to the order of display termitor to realize the manual control; the functions of the monitor program are querying state of each knot, modifying the parameter of each kont,display the real-time data of each knot and simulating the measuring process by the way of figure. The hardware design includes display terminator and control terminator’s schematic design, PCB design and hardware debugging; the software design includes the coding and debugging of the display program, the control program and the monitor program. The programming languages include assemble language, C language and C++ language.The test data indicate the repetitiveness and reproducibility of oil flow point the system are well, and can offer reliable reference for the transportation of oil. This measuring apparatus can be used all kinds of industrial locale because of its hige precision and high degree of automation. But some of parts of the system can be improved and ameliorated.更多还原