【作者】 胡宸豪；

【导师】 卓光俊；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 新闻与传播（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【副题名】以微博上的热点事件为例

【摘要】 随着互联网的发展,网络热点事件的频繁发生和没有规范的现象十分突出,不仅使我国互联网的发展出现越来越多的不稳定性,还对我国社会产生了越来越多的不确定性因素。有研究指出,我国正处于社会转型的关键时期,两极分化不断扩大、网络技术的发展越来越复杂,许多网络舆论事件层出不穷,从2011年的“郭美美”危机、2012年的杨达才事件、2013年的龚爱爱事件、2014年的马航客机事件、2015年“山东问题疫苗”事件、2016年魏则西事件、2017年江歌案事件,多种类型多种原因导致的舆论现象对社会秩序产生了冲击。纵观近几年来国内外研究舆论的内容,专家学者关注的焦点是网络舆论,主要研究社交媒体的舆论特点以及提出相应的舆论演变方式,关于受众的认知比较少,即便是从受众的认知出发,了解网络舆论的演变机制,但内容主要基于心理学的理论探讨舆论的演变。本文的主要研究内容从公众的认知出发,通过将微博平台上的舆论热点事件为例,基于互文理论的基础探究社交媒体上热点事件网络舆论的演变和发生机制。研究发现,关于热点事件舆论扩散主要存在话语互文性、情绪互文性、意义互文性三个主要的互文性表征。在热点事件的不断演变过程中,受众通过“转发”、“转述”、“引用”、“拼贴”、“戏谑”等方式进行互文建构。从演变效果上看,不同的网络空间形成不同的互文链模式,微博是一种通过关注机制分享短信息的平台,微博更加注重信息分享的时效性和情绪化;最后,热点事件中的话语和社会结构相互制约和相互影响。话语的建构效果主要表现在3个方面:社会身份、社会关系和道德及法律体系的建构。网络舆论是众多文本相互影响产生并不断扩散的。网络舆论扩散的互文性表征为网络舆论引导提供了一些思路。首先,引导舆论需要长期、系统的管理。政府以及相关的机构在进行舆论引导的过程中,不能够简单地进行说教,不仅要厘清公共舆论事件当中的文际关系,了解清楚互文链中网民的共同诉求内容,并根据这些内容采取相应的举措。其次,在网络舆论的扩散过程中,许多受众主要从微博社交平台上的“大V”、主流媒体网站、地方论坛发布的文本是文本互文链扩散中的重要一环,也是受众理解事件的重要依据。因此在媒体的编辑在发稿时,要注意保持长期的多渠道关注,考虑受众阅读文本时形成的互文链,为受众提供可靠的参照内容。最后,作为一名公众,公众应增强自身的媒介素养,学会辨别不同信息的出处以及了解不同平台的互文链模式,提高辨别真假信息的能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the Internet,the frequent occurrence of hot Internet events and the lack of norms are very prominent,which not only makes the development of the Internet in China more and more unstable,but also produces more and more uncertain factors to our society.Studies have pointed out that our country is in a critical period of social transformation,increasing polarization and the development of network technology is more and more complex,many Internet public opinion events emerge in endlessly,from the "guo meimei" crisis of 2011,Yang Dacai events of 2012,2013,gong make love,the horse boat airliner in 2014 events,"shandong vaccine" incident in 2015,2016 w is west events,song jiang in 2017,a variety of types in a variety of reasons of public opinion phenomenon has impact on the social order.Throughout the research contents of public opinion at home and abroad in recent years,experts and scholars is the focus of network public opinion,the main research of the social media public opinion characteristics and put forward the corresponding way of evolution of public opinion,about less aware of the audience,even from the cognition of audience,understand the evolution mechanism of network public opinion,but the content is mainly based on the theory of psychology and discusses the evolution of public opinion.The main research contents of this paper start from the public’s cognition,take the hot events of public opinion on weibo platform as examples,and explore the evolution and occurrence mechanism of hot events on social media based on the theory of intertextuality.It is found that there are three main intertextuality representations and characteristics about the public opinion diffusion of hot events: intertextuality of netizens’ discourse,intertextuality of netizens’ emotions and intertextuality of netizens’ meanings.In the continuous evolution of hot events,audiences construct intertextuality by means of "forwarding","reporting","quoting","collage" and "banter".From the perspective of evolution effect,different network Spaces form different patterns of intertext chain.Weibo is a platform to share short messages through attention mechanism,and it pays more attention to the timeliness and emotionality of information sharing.Finally,the discourse and social structure in hot events restrict and influence each other.The construction effect of discourse is mainly manifested in three aspects: social identity,social relations and the construction of moral and legal system.Network public opinion is generated and continuously diffused by numerous texts.The intertextuality representation of network public opinion diffusion provides some ideas for network public opinion guidance.First,guiding public opinion requires long-term,systematic management.In the process of public opinion guidance,the government and relevant institutions should not simply preach.They should not only clarify the inter-cultural relations in public opinion events,understand the common demands of netizens in the intertextual chain,and take corresponding measures according to these contents.Secondly,in the process of the diffusion of network public opinion,the text published by many audiences mainly from "big V" on weibo social platform,mainstream media websites and local BBS is an important link in the diffusion of intertextual chain,and also an important basis for audiences to understand events.Therefore,media editors should pay attention to long-term multi-channel attention when publishing,and consider the intertextual chain formed when the audience reads the text,so as to provide reliable reference content for the audience.Finally,as a public,the public should enhance their media literacy,learn to identify the source of different information and understand the intertextual chain model of different platforms,and improve the ability to distinguish between true and false information.更多还原