节点文献
1949-1956年中国公私关系研究
【作者】 马浩然；
【导师】 常明明；
【作者基本信息】 贵州财经大学 ， 经济史， 2016， 硕士
【副题名】以常州柴油机厂为例
【摘要】 在当今我国深化经济体制改革的大背景下,私有企业蓬勃发展,国有企业改革向纵深进行,怎样构建和谐稳定的公私关系,需要我们对其作更深入的研究。笔者选取1949-1956年的公私关系作为研究对象,从宏微观两个层面对这一时期公私关系的发展脉络进行梳理。在宏观方面,分两个阶段:1949-1952年,公私关系在紧张与缓和之间摇摆,国营经济和私营经济产值都迅速增加,但是私营经济比重下降,两种经济形式在建国初期都发挥了巨大作用;1953-1956年,私营经济比重持续下降,随着企业公私合营的进行,社会主义的经济成分渗入到私营企业内部,公私矛盾也由企业外部进入到内部,私营经济发挥的作用越来越小。在微观方面,以常州柴油机厂为例,将该厂的两个前身(厚生厂和益联厂)分开论述,研究这些企业在建国初期面临生产困境的原因,同时分析人民政府对公私关系进行调整的政策对这些企业的影响。公私经济在运行机制上和功能上互补,在经营范围上存在一定的矛盾,但是这些矛盾是可以协调的。
【Abstract】 In the background of the reform of Chinese economic system,the private enterprise had vigorous development and the state-owned enterprises had a further reformation.How to build a harmonious and stable relationship between state-owned and private enterprise,we need to make further research on it.The author selects the relationship between state-owned and private economy in 1949-1956 as the research object.The development of relationship between state-owned and private enterprise in this period will be discussed from macroscopic and microcosmic aspects.In the macro aspect,there were two stages:in 1949-1952,the relationship swung between tension and relaxation.The output value of state-owned economy and private economy were improving drastically,but the proportion of private economy was declining.Two kinds of economy forms at the beginning of the founding played a huge role;In 1953-1956,the proportion of private economy continued to decline.With the promotion of joint state-private management,socialist economic component came into the private enterprise.The contradictions between state-owned economy and private economy came from outside the enterprise to inside,and the role of the private economy was getting smaller and smaller.In the micro aspect,taking Changzhou diesel engine factory as an example,i will separately discuss the factory’s two predecessor(Housheng factory and Yilian factory),study the reasons for these enterprises to face the dilemma,and analyze the influence of the government’s policy on the adjustment of the relationship.State-owned economy and private economy is complementary in operating mechanism and function and contradictory in the business scope and operating style.But this contradiction can be coordinated.