【作者】 徐芳；

【导师】 詹全旺；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 隐喻一直是国内外学者研究的热点,隐喻翻译随之也受到翻译界学者越来越多的关注。而隐喻翻译的探讨长期以来比较零散片面,不成体系,缺乏一个从多方面对其进行全面动态描述的连贯统一的理论框架。钱钟书的小说《围城》中充满着大量的隐喻表达,对增添美学效果,深化主题及刻画人物性格等方面起着重要作用。本文尝试从Verschueren顺应论的视角探讨珍妮·凯利和茅国权的英译文中隐喻的翻译问题。作为一门较新的语用学理论,顺应论从语言、认知、社会和文化等方面对语言交际过程进行了全面系统的描述,是对语言使用的一种综观。顺应论认为语言使用是在不同意识程度下为顺应交际需要而不断做出选择的过程。语言使用者之所以能够做出种种选择,是源于语言的三个特性：变异性,协商性和顺应性。变异性和协商性是基础,顺应性是结果,它能够使使用者做出灵活的变通,从而满足交际的需要。翻译作为一种跨文化交际活动,是语言使用的一种特殊形式,因此也可以从顺应论的角度去研究,而这同样适用于翻译的重要组成部分之一—隐喻翻译。因此,基于以上分析,作者在顺应论的理论框架内尝试建立了隐喻翻译的模式,并结合实例分别从语言内部实际和外部语境两个层面上对《围城》中隐喻的英译进行了具体分析研究。研究发现,隐喻翻译过程中译者要顺应一系列因素：目的语结构以及语言构成规则,物质世界中的时间和物质条件因素,目的语读者的心理需求与认知能力,交际中的社会文化因素。该研究也表明,语言选择贯穿《围城》中隐喻的整个翻译实践过程；从本质上说,成功的隐喻译文,是译者合理地做出顺应的结果。本文为隐喻翻译提供了一个新的研究视角,有利于构建系统连贯的隐喻翻译理论框架,对隐喻翻译实践具有重要的指导意义,从而保证译者译文的质量,同时也有助于加强我们对翻译活动过程和本质的深刻理解。更多还原

【Abstract】 Metaphor has long been a heated topic for scholars both at home and abroad, and metaphor translation accordingly has been paid more and more attention to among the translation circle. But a cursory review of metaphor translation studies shows that these researches bear limitations and drawbacks in one way or another due to their static or partial study angle, therefore, a coherent and integrated framework which takes into account various factors comprehensively in the dynamic process of metaphor translation is badly needed. Qian Zhongshu’s novel Fortress Besieged abounds in metaphorical expressions which play an important role in enhancing the aesthetic effect, intensifying the theme of the story and portraying the characters of different people. This paper, based on Jeanne Kelly and Nathan K. Mao’s translated English version of Fortress Besieged, makes an attempt to explore metaphor translation under the guidance of Adaptation Theory proposed by Verschueren.Verschueren’s Adaptation Theory is a relatively new pragmatic theory, providing an overall systematic description of linguistic communication from a general perspective, namely, the linguistic, cognitive and socio-cultural perspective. In Adaptation Theory, Verschueren assumes language use to be a continuous choice-making process with various degrees of salience for the purpose of successful communication due to three basic properties of language:variability, negotiability and adaptability. Variability and negotiability are the foundation, and adaptability is the result, which enables human beings to make negotiable linguistic choices from a variable range of possibilities in such a way as to approach points of satisfaction for communication needs. And translation, a cross-cultural communication, is a special form of language use, which therefore can be approached from Adaptation Theory. This is also true with metaphor translation. Then the author tentatively builds up a metaphor translation model within the framework of Adaptation Theory. On the basis of the model, the author makes a detailed analysis of the adaptive process of metaphor translation in Fortress Besieged from two aspects:linguistic reality and extra-linguistic elements. It is found that metaphor translation has to adapt to a variety of factors:structures and structuring principles of the target language, temporal and material conditions of the physical world in which it takes place, the target readers’ psychological needs and cognitive ability, and the social and cultural elements of the communication. The study reveals that choice-making goes through the entire process of translating metaphors, and a successful translation of metaphors, to a great extent, depends on the adaptability and creativity of the translator. Investigated from a linguistic, cognitive and socio-cultural perspective, the present study will contribute to theoretical studies of metaphor translation and meanwhile give some practical guidance to translators in their process of translating metaphors. Besides, the adaptive analysis of metaphor translation with regard to various linguistic and extra-linguistic factors in this study may enhance our deep understanding of the process and nature of translation activities.更多还原