【作者】 王慧；

【导师】 付少平；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 社会学， 2008， 硕士

【副题名】以关中两镇两村为例

【摘要】 文章以在陕西两镇两村的调查材料为依据,尝试运用“过程——事件”法,拟具体而深入地考察:(1)不同事件中乡村精英与乡镇干部的交往行为;(1)乡村精英与乡镇干部的关系状况及特点;(2)乡村精英与乡镇干部关系的应然趋势及实现此模式的建议;(4)二者关系对“国家与社会”关系的重构。通过对典型样本村的考察,试图把握各类型乡村精英与乡镇干部的关系,以期准确的理解中国乡村社会的权力结构,对丰富农村社会学和政治学都是有所助益的。全文由导论和四章主体内容构成。导论简要介绍了论文的选题背景,明确了主题研究的现实意义和理论价值,对研究主题的国内外研究动态进行了比较全面的描述,提出了研究的重点,对采用的“过程——事件”法进行了详细说明。此方法的基本点是力图将所研究对象由静态的结构转向由若干事件构成的动态过程,用一种动态叙事的描述风格,将事件放在一个前后延续的场景中,展示事件发展过程中的种种细节,从而形成一种对事件的情景化理解。本研究就是要将乡村精英和乡镇政府的关系放到具体的事件中去,以丰富的、具体的、过程的描述为主,以未经加工的资料记录为目的,将事件的发展过程理解为关系的建构、解构、重构的过程,并通过对资料的整理对关系进行模式化分析。在导论之后,本文第二章关注的基本问题,是在各种事件中乡镇干部和乡村精英行动策略的变化,这是由各互动主体的利益和利益表达机制的不同决定的,笔者希望通过这几个事件理出一个双方博弈的图景,作为后面各章讨论的基础。第三章涉及乡镇干部和乡村精英关系的多样性、复杂性和矛盾性。关系的多样性来源于乡村精英类型的多样和个性的凸显,笔者概括为:利益共谋关系,工作共事关系,间接共事关系,现代型公共关系,断裂关系和冲突关系等。复杂性和矛盾性来源于互动主体的经济利益关怀、政治绩效追求和授权来源的内在紧张,这种紧张在笔者看来是二者交往结构趋于平衡、关系模式和交往结构的“代际”传递、个人性交往和集体性交往,工作交往和私人交往的相互缠合、工具性(功利性)与表达性(情感性)关系相互依赖,去规范化、去行政化等特点的来源。从第四章开始,本文转向分析乡镇政权、精英个人、群体等因素对乡村精英与乡镇政府关系的影响方面。在前几章分析的基础上笔者在最后一章中指出了乡村精英与基层政权关系的应然趋势是行为边界清晰,集体性的正规化合作关系,并提出了实现此模式的对策建议。最后笔者又对文章所用的“国家—社会”理论进行了总结和升华,“国家—社会”框架虽可以从更广阔的境界上阐释中国传统社会中的地方制度、精英、组织、社区等内容对国家的塑造功能,但由于国家与社会内部发生的分化、分歧、冲突和互动,使国家与社会出现新的结合点,二者关系既不是二元的对立,也不是均衡的双强关系,他们关系的实质是一部分公权占有者——基层政权特别是乡镇政权和一部分强势私权占有者——乡村精英,联合起来剥削另一部分公权——国家特别是中央政府权力和大部分私权——底层精英与普通村民。更多还原

【Abstract】 The article takes the findings of two town and two villages in Shaanxi province as basis, attempts to apply analysis method of〝Process——Event〞,and plans to concretely and thoroughly examine: (1) Association behavior of in different events;(2) Status and characteristic of rural elite and towns cadre’s relation;(3) Right developing trend of rural elite and towns cadre’s relation and the suggestions about how to carry it out;(4)〝Country—Society〞relation Reconstruction . Trough the examination to the model villages, the author tries to grasp all kinds of relations between rural elite and towns cadre, expects accurately understanding the Chinese rural society’s power structure country ,and it’s helpful to enrich rural area sociology and political science.The full text has an introduction and four chapter main body content formations.The chapter describes the choosing background, and has made clear the practical significance and theory value of the topic. It also has carried out comparatively all-round description of the topic home and abroad, and has brought forward the priority studying. Then the author did detailed description of“Process-Event”: Its basal point in doing its best to make the research objects reverse from static structure to dynamic process which is composed from some events and details then forms a kind of scene-rization understanding to events. This research puts the relation between town government and rural elite into concrete events, giving first place to the plentiful, concrete, and the process description, taking data records without treating as purpose. So the event development process is understood as the process of the relation’s construction, deconstruction and re construction, and through the collation of data the author carries out patternization analysis on relations.Behind the introduction, the second chapter pays attention to the fundamental problem that is the action tactics change of the rural elite and towns’cadre in kinds of things. These depend on the diversity of benefit and benefit expressing mechanism. The author hopes to drawn up both sides game view by theses several events, as a discussing base of the every back chapter. The third chapter is related to the interactive behavior and associational relation of rural elite and town cadre are multiformity, complexity, contrariety. Interactive idea attempts to explore rational collocation between moral politics and benefit politics, but interactive strategy brings combination of rationality and legitimacy into play to the extreme. It depends on the different ion of interactive main bodies’benefits and expresses mechanism. The multiformity of associational relation originates from the rural elite’s multiformity and their individuality performation. The author generalizes: benefit conspired relation, work interoperability relation, indirection interoperability relation, modern type public relations, Tearing relation and conflicting relation. Complexity and contrariety originates from the inherent tension of benefit caring, political performance hankering and empowerment originating. In the author’s opinion, this case is the origination of association structure tends to balance, Relation pattern and architectural association is transferred between the "generation time”, personal association and collective association\ working association and private association inosculates mutually, instrumental (material gain) and express (emotion) relation is interdependent, abnormality, exterritorial and so on. From the fourth chapter, the article begins to analyze the effect on the relation between the rural elite and towns government of factors such as grassroots regime.Base on the analyses of the chapters above, during the last chapter the author points out the rational relation pattern should be limpid behavior border, communality and regularization cooperation relation, and gives out the suggestions on how to realize this pattern. Then the author also makes a summary and distillation of the〝Country—Society〞which is used in the article. Though the〝Country—Society〞can explain the mold function of the local regime,elite,organization,community and so on in Chinese traditional society. The differentiation, divergence, conflicting and interaction inside of the country and society makes new combining site of them. So the relation between them neither dualistic opposition nor balanced two strong relation, the essence of their relation is that parts of public rights holder——grassroots regime and parts of strong private rights holder rural elite, unitedly exploit the other public rights holder——country especially central government’s power and major part of private rights holder——disadvantaged elite and common villagers.更多还原