【作者】 纪小军；

【导师】 郭英剑；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 鲁德亚德·吉卜林是第一位荣膺诺贝尔文学奖的英国作家,他曾在国内外享有盛誉。如今,除了他的儿童作品依然广受欢迎外,他的盛名似乎己剥落殆尽。导致吉卜林声誉衰落的原因主要在于评论家们对他的“帝国主义作家”这一定位使他被逐出主流作家之列。其中,萨伊德在他的两部著作《东方学》和《文化与帝国主义》中对吉卜林的定位更加固了他的“帝国主义作家”这一称号。然而,评论家们的这一定位却不无偏颇。吉卜林在其长篇小说《基姆》和一些短篇故事中所体现的思想足以反驳这一定位。 本论文共分四章。 第一章介绍了吉卜林作品受欢迎以及后来渐被冷落的原因。借助“帝国主义”的概念,并结合吉卜林所处的历史环境,指出“帝国主义作家”是对吉卜林的误解。 第二章简要阐释了萨伊德在《东方学》和《文化与帝国主义》中对东方主义的二元对立与帝国主义之间,以及文化与帝国主义之间的关系所作的分析。萨伊德对《基姆》的分析也在该章作了说明。 第三章借助对《基姆》的文本分析,主要依据作品中体现的消除种族差别思想,对东方人的非程式化描写,以及对白人的讽刺及批评,反驳了萨伊德对吉卜林的“帝国主义作家”这一定位。 第四章通过分析吉卜林短篇小说中频繁出现的两个主题,即反对将西方文化的重要组成部分基督教强加于印度人民,以及对在印度寻求利益和权利的白人的尖刻批评,进一步反驳“帝国主义作家吉卜林”这一定位。 该论文主要借助萨伊德的东方学理论,反驳他对吉卜林的定位。希望借此能澄清对吉卜林的误解从而还他公正。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the first English author who won the Nobel Prize for literature, Rudyard Kipling was ever acclaimed as one of the greatest writers of his time and enjoyed popularity at home and abroad. Today, however, he is no longer so widely read and his fame is sustained mainly by his tales for children. When it comes to his eclipse, the most important reason is the labeling of him as an imperialist writer. Based on the ideas expressed in his two major works, Orientalism and Culture and Imperialism, Edward W. Said, one of the most renowned critics, also labeled Kipling as an imperialist through the analysis of Kim, Kipling’s masterpiece. However, in this novel and some of Kipling’s short stories, there is strong evidence showing that the address on Kipling as an imperialist writer does him no justice.This thesis consists of four chapters.Chapter One introduces the history of the rise and fall of Kipling’s literary status, and illustrates that Kipling is misunderstood to be an imperialist, based upon the definition of imperialism and the historical context of his time.Chapter Two gives an interpretation of Said’s Orientalism and Culture and Imperialism and analyzes the relationship between binary typology (the inferiority of the Orient and its inhabitants, and the superiority of their counterparts the West and westerners) in Orientalism and imperialism, and the relationship between culture and imperialism. Said’s criticism of Kipling as an imperialist is also referred to in this chapter.Chapter Three refutes Said’s labeling of Kipling as an imperialist through a textual analysis of Kim, in which the blurring of racial distinction, the ironic and critical portrayal of western characters and non-stereotypical images of Indian characters are revealed throughout the novel.Chapter Four, based on two recurrent themes in Kipling’s short stories, namely, Kipling’s opposition to the imposition of Christianity, an integral part of western culture, to the Indian people, and his criticism of the white men who seek pleasures,profits and power in India, further refutes the labeling of Kipling as an imperialist.By challenging Said’s view of Kipling as an imperialist, the author of this thesis hopes that the labeling of Kipling as an imperialist can clear up and that he will be given a rightful place.更多还原