20年代性爱小说的历史考察

【作者】 徐仲佳；

【导师】 杨洪承； 李夜平；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 20年代的启蒙是整个启蒙浪潮中重要的一支。它的逻辑基点是个性解放。在解放思潮的冲击下，原本在旧的伦理体系中被封闭的性得到了解放。性成为20年代思想界的一个中心话语。与当时的历史条件历史要求相适应，性的解放首先是做为中国社会现代化转型的一个重要手段而存在的。这种的选择既使性获得进入主流话语的合法性，又使性的解放陷入一种尴尬的境地；任何社会中的性都有其社会性和生物性的双重性质。20年代对性的工具理性化的选择，使当时的精英们无法在性的社会性和生物性中取得一个平衡点。因此对性的理解很容易走向极端，或者为了突出性的社会性而而有意无意的压抑性爱做为人的本能的合理性。或者走到对性的本体的偏执而否定了一切人类向文明成果。 20年代的性爱小说写作是上述性爱启蒙内在矛盾性的反映。在大多数的启蒙者那里性做为人的合理欲望的解放，常常和他们所担负的社会解放的责任感形成冲突。在承认性做为人的合理欲望的前提下，常常排斥合理、正常的性爱。这种排斥有时以一种病态的性取向表现出来。如郁达夫前期的性爱小说。同时，在以张资平作品为代表的另一类性爱小说那里，性又被解释成改变人类生活的强力，把性与现存的一切文明对立起来，走向了性偏执的极端。作为现代人文向启蒙者，在20年代中期，以鲁迅为代表的一批作家逐渐感受到“陪着做一世牺牲”的非人性。试图把性爱从急功近利的工具理性中剥离出来，因此出现了20年代性爱回归性本身的努力。 虽然由于历史的限制20年代的性爱启蒙和性爱写作没有全面展开，但先驱们开拓性的努力还是为我们留下了深刻的启示：人的解放是一个长期的、多层面、多向度的过程。性应该是通往解放的一条可能的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Eniighenment of sexuality in l9205 on the 1ogical basis ofemancipation of egos (individuality), was an imPortan branch of the wholeEIilighenment tide. IInPulsed by the ideological trend of emancipation of egos,the sexuality freed it self from the blockade of the old ethecs system, and becamethe main subect of the ideological field in l920s.AdjuSted tO the hiStOrical condition and tO the historical requrement, theemancipation of egos exiStCd mainly as an imPortam means by Which the trdrisformation of china to a modendzed society can be achieved.The niilized-rational selection not only gave sexuality the legality forentering the main discourse, but also brought the emancipation of seXuaity to anWd position. The sexuality in any society has a double-faced trait that is,the sociality and the edmalityThe utilized-rationa selection in l920s caused the elite’s falure to fiud aequaibriun point betWen the sociality and the Anmality of the sexuality Sopeople tend to go to eXtremes concemng the trait of the sexualitysome dePreciated the rationality of sexuality as human’s instinct deliberaelyor Undeliberately in order to highlight its socialitywnle some had a bias to thenoumenon of the seXuality negating all the ciVilization of hUman’s.The novels on the sexuality in l920s weve the reflection of the innercontradiction of the the Eulightenment of sexuality As for most of the sPonsors ofthe Enlightenmellt. SeXuaity as the emanciPation of hUInan’s rational desire,often contradicted with their responsiblity for freeing the whole soliety Althoughthey admited tha the sexUaity was the rational desire of the hUmans’, they oftendePrtssed them. ms kind of depression was reflected by a morbid choice ofsexualiry somctimes. for examPle, the novels on the sexuaity in the earliei periodof Yu Dafu.Meanwhile, In the othe kind of novels on the sexuality representedby Zhang Ziping’s nove1s, the sexuality was adVocated as the power thatimProved hUman’s life, thus contradiCtCd the sexuality to all the civilization, go-ing to the extreme ofprtality on the sexualityAs the sponsor of the EIilightenment on the modem hUmAnsm, Lu xun andsome other whters felt increasingly the unhUInainsm of "sacrificying his Whole1if e for his unloved wtfe". They made efforts to freeth sexuality from theuti1ized-ration, so the l920s some the efforts to ta the sexuality to its ownplace.Aithough the Enlightenrnent on the sexuality and the novels on the sexuaityin l920s have not developed all-rotmdly, because of the historical lAnhaion, thecreative efforts made by otir precursors left profOund inspiration to ustThe emanciPation of hUman is a long-term, multi-dimension muiti-divectioncourse. The sexuality is a possible road to the emancipation.更多还原