【作者】 尔梦伟；

【导师】 高立艾； 李丽华； 郑少林；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 育雏期是鸡只生产周期中最重要的一个时期,因为产蛋期生产成绩的好坏,可以追溯到育雏期间的管理上,育雏舍环境调控又是育雏期管理中最重要的一个环节。因此,想要保证蛋鸡的产蛋性能,必须在育雏期间对雏鸡生长环境进行综合的管理。本着福利化、智能化养殖的宗旨,本文在综合国内外畜禽环境调控方法的基础上,通过计算机仿真技术,构建了育雏鸡舍小气候环境模型,以模糊逻辑控制理论为依据,建立了育雏鸡舍小气候环境调控模型。主要研究内容如下:(1)获取育雏鸡舍结构特性及小气候环境数据,分析了育雏鸡舍内各个环境因素,搭建了密闭式蛋鸡育雏舍环境数据采集系统架构。以保定易县永合育雏鸡繁育基地为实验地点,通过分析夏季密闭育雏鸡舍的建造结构特性,采集鸡舍内外部环境数据,为育雏鸡舍小气候环境模型的构建提供数据支持。(2)根据育雏鸡舍的结构特性、鸡舍内部和外部环境条件,通过机理建模的方法,应用能量平衡物理规律,基于Matlab/simulink模块建立不同日龄育雏鸡舍小气候环境模型。采用四阶龙格-库塔法求解育雏舍热量微分方程,利用线性拟合的方法求解含湿量与相对湿度之间的换算关系,并对密闭式育雏鸡舍小气候环境模型进行仿真分析。通过育雏鸡舍小气候模型输出的温湿度模拟值与实测值之间的决定系数R2(R-Square)、均方根误差 RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)、相对误差 RE(Relative Prediction Error)的分析得出构建的育雏鸡舍小气候模型的理论输出值与试验测得的数值具有较高的一致性,验证了所建温湿度模型的正确性,为进一步环境调控模型提供理论基础。(3)为了有效调控蛋鸡育雏期间的温湿度,在所建育雏鸡舍小气候环境模型的基础上,通过现场试验得出了解耦补偿系数,构建了雏鸡舍温湿度环境因子模糊解耦PID调控模型。该系统以温度偏差和偏差变化率作为输入量,以通风模式和加热模式为输出控制量建立温度控制器;以相对湿度偏差和偏差变化率为输入量,以通风模式为输出控制量建立湿度控制器;通过对模糊论域等级的划分及模糊控制规则的制定,建立了两个具有双输入变量的非线性控制系统。通过加入温度补偿系数η对通风除湿所降低的温度进行补偿,优化了育雏鸡舍温湿度环境调控策略。试验结果表明:本文研究的育雏鸡舍温湿度模糊解耦PID控制仿真系统,能够较好地满足育雏鸡舍的温湿度环境控制要求,验证了密闭式蛋鸡育雏舍小气候环境调控的模型的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The brooding period is the most important period in the chicken production cycle,because the production performance in the laying period can be traced back to the management during the brooding period,and the environmental regulation of the brooding house is the most important link in the management during the brooding period.Therefore,in order to ensure the laying performance of laying hens,it is necessary to comprehensively manage the growing environment of chickens during brooding.Based on the aim of welfare and intelligent breeding,this paper builds a microclimate environment model of brooding chicken house by computer simulation technology,and based on fuzzy logic control theory,establishes a microclimate environment control model of brooding chicken house.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Obtaining the structural characteristics and microclimate environmental data of the brooding chicken house,analyzing various environmental factors in the brooding chicken house,and building the environmental data acquisition system architecture of the closed brooding chicken house.Taking YongHe brooding chicken breeding base in YiXian County,Baoding as the experimental site,by measuring the construction structural characteristics of closed brooding chicken house in summer and the internal and external environmental data of the brooding chicken house,the foundation for the construction of microclimate environment model of the brooding chicken house was laid.(2)According to the structural characteristics,internal and external environmental conditions of the brooding chicken coop,the microclimate environmental models of brooding chicken coop with different ages were established based on Matlab/simulink module by means of mechanism modeling and physical laws of energy balance.The fourth-order Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the heat differential equation of the brooding house,and the linear fitting method was used to solve the conversion relationship between moisture content and relative humidity.The microclimate environment model of the closed brooding house was simulated and analyzed.According to the analysis of the decision coefficient R2(R-Square),RMSE(root mean square error)and RE(Relative Prediction Error)between the simulated value of temperature and humidity output from the microclimate model of the brood house and the measured value,it is concluded that the theoretical output value of the microclimate model of the brood house is in good agreement with the experimental value,which verifies the correctness of the built temperature and humidity model and provides a theoretical basis for further environmental control model.(3)In order to effectively control the temperature and humidity of laying hens during brooding,based on the microclimate environment model of brooding chicken house,the decoupling compensation coefficient was obtained through field test,and the fuzzy decoupling PID control model of temperature and humidity environmental factors in chicken house was constructed.In this system,temperature deviation and deviation change rate are taken as input variables,and ventilation mode and heating mode are taken as output control variables to establish a temperature controller.The humidity controller is established with relative humidity deviation and deviation change rate as input quantities and ventilation mode as output control quantities.Two nonlinear control systems with two input variables are established by dividing the fuzzy universe and formulating fuzzy control rules.By adding the temperature compensation coefficient η to compensate the temperature reduced by ventilation and dehumidification,the temperature and humidity environment control strategy of the brooding chicken house was optimized.The experimental results show that the fuzzy decoupling PID control simulation system of temperature and humidity in the brooding chicken house studied in this paper can better meet the requirements of temperature and humidity environment control in the brooding chicken house,and verify the effectiveness of the model of microclimate environment control in the closed brooding chicken house.更多还原