【作者】 李洪林；

【导师】 冯晓峰；

【作者基本信息】 延安大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2015， 硕士

【副题名】兼论中国特色当代生态哲学之建构

【摘要】 人类非理性的生产生活方式,带来了当今时代的全球性生态危机。危机催生变革,而非理性生产生活方式变革,根本上是人类思维方式的变革。对此,西方研究者试图找到一种“新的哲学和宗教基础”来建构新的整体性世界观,以此摆脱牛顿、笛卡尔哲学带来的机械论和二元论的影响,引领人们走出人类中心主义的误区。西方生态哲学思想就是在这种背景下产生、发展,并建立了生态价值论、生态经济观等各研究范畴。本文旨在对西方生态哲学取得的研究成果进行简要介绍基础上,并对比中国古代生态思想,概括总结出中国古代生态思想的精髓与西方生态思想的价值,结合中国当代社会经济状况,对中国特色当代生态哲学思想提出建构路向。论文第一部分,主要从生态思想的萌发、孕育、确立、发展各阶段的介绍,对生态哲学思想的演进作脉络式梳理,对其中的自然观、价值论、生态经济、生态伦理等重要概念作以重点阐述,并对人类中心主义、生态中心主义和马克思主义生态自然观对二者的超越等内容进行了分析。第二部分,主要从儒家、道家和佛教的思想入手,分别分析三家思想中蕴含的生态保护思想,对儒家“天人合一”、道家“道法自然”、佛家“慈悲度化”等重要的术语和思想进行深入探究,总结出各家的思想精要。最后对古代生态思想指导下的制度层面、生产层面、审美层面的实践进行了整理、阐述。第三部分,主要从中西方哲学的思维方式、儒家自然观、伦理观与西方哲学伦理观、中西方生态实践三个方面,对中西方的生态思想进行了比较。通过比较,得出了中国古代生态哲学在世界观、价值观、伦理观、实践观等方面具有超越西方生态思想的独特价值。第四部分,在对比研究结论基础上,从“天人合一”对世界观的启示、“为天地立心”对责任主体的明确、“中庸致用”对实践观的丰富三个角度阐述了中国古代生态思想对西方生态哲学的价值所在。第五部分,在第四部分基础上,分析了当前建构具有中国特色生态哲学思想的现实必要性,并尝试在马克思主义生态思想的指导下,从生态世界观、价值观和实践观三个层面提出了新型生态哲学思想的建构框架,提出了在这种思想指导下的中国生态文明建设具体路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Human irrational production and living ways, brought about the global ecological crisis in modern times. The crisis has to change, and change the rational way of life and production, is the transformation of the mode of thinking of mankind. In this regard, western researchers try to find a "new philosophy and religion based" to construct a new holistic world view, which get rid of Newton, Cartesian philosophy mechanistic and dualism, misunderstanding leads people out of anthropocentrism. Western ecological philosophy thought is produced in this background, the development, and the establishment of the ecological value theory, ecological and economic values of the research category. This paper briefly introduced on the basis of research achievements of the western ecological philosophy, and comparative China ancient ecological thought, summed up the essence of Chinese ancient ecological thought and the western ecological ideas, combined with the contemporary social and economic situation of China, China characteristics of contemporary ecological philosophy thought put forward constructive way forward.The first part of the paper, mainly from the ecological thought germination, establishment, development stages of breeding, introduction, as the context to comb the evolution of ecological philosophy, an important concept of the view of nature, value theory, ecological economy, ecological ethics to focus on.The second part, mainly from the thoughts of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Starting with the analysis of ecological protection thought contains three thought, the Confucian "harmony" and the Taoist "Tao follows nature", "the compassion of Buddhism" and other important terms and in-depth research, summed up the ideological essence. At the end of the ancient ecological thought under the guidance of system level, production level and aesthetic level of the practice were summarized, elaborated.The third part, mainly from the western philosophy and way of thinking, the Confucian view of nature, view of ethics in three aspects and ethical view of western philosophy, western ecological practice, ecological thought in the western comparison. By comparison, the ancient Chinese philosophy on the ecological world outlook, values, the unique value of ecological thought beyond western ethical view and the practice view etc..The fourth part, based on the comparative study of the conclusion, from the "harmony between man and nature" of the world view of the enlightenment, "for the world heart" on the main responsibility clear, "the doctrine of the mean in the" on practice three aspects the rich ecological thought in ancient China to the western ecological philosophy value.The fifth part, on the basis of the fourth part, analysis of the current construction of the necessity of ecological philosophy thought with Chinese characteristics, and try to view, value view and the practice view three aspects puts forward the frame model of ecological philosophy from the ecological world, put forward that the thought the path of China’s ecological civilization construction under the guidance of the.更多还原