【作者】 江宁；

【导师】 王大志；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 电工理论与新技术， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 盘式永磁同步电动机属于轴向磁场电机,是近几年来发展起来的高性能伺服电动机。此种电机具有体积小、重量轻、结构紧凑、转子的转动惯量小、低速运行平稳等优点,其作为一种新型的驱动装置,已被广泛应用于军事、航天、农业以及日常生活的各个领域中。不同气隙结构的盘式电机在国内已研制成功,其中对均匀气隙结构、楔形气隙结构还有多盘式结构的盘式无铁心永磁电机的研究成为热点。由于盘式永磁同步电动机是永磁电机的一种,所以本课题首先对永磁电机的分类、发展现状和应用进行了介绍。通过对永磁材料的性能和选取加以分析和比较,本文确定使用钕铁硼永磁材料作为本研究的永磁体材料。之后对盘式永磁电动机的结构和电机的参数计算进行了讨论,进而给出了本课题的盘式无铁心永磁电机结构为单定子双转子,永磁体安装在两侧转子上,电枢绕组安装在中间定子上。由于采用普通结构的永磁体排列方式的电机的轭部磁通偏大,漏磁比较严重等缺点,本文特提出采用Halbach永磁体阵列的盘式无铁心永磁电机,Halbach永磁体阵列可以大大减少电机轭部的磁通,此外,有助于降低电机制作成本并提高电机的动态性能,电机的质量和转动惯量也会减小。Halbach永磁体阵列主要有三种结构,通过利用Ansoft有限元软件对不同角度的永磁体阵列仿真比较,结合加工工艺的要求确定60。结构为最佳结构。电机电磁场是研究电机的最重要的理论,有限元软件Ansoft是仿真分析电机磁场最常用的软件,因此本文在第四章对电机电磁场理论和有限元软件进行了介绍。在最后一章中,应用Ansoft有限元分析软件对盘式无铁心电机进行了二维和三维建模仿真。其中对电枢磁场进行了细致的仿真分析,并把空载和负载时的盘式电机的磁力线进行了比较,发现这两种情况下的磁力线并无太大变化。在三维建模仿真时,空气罩的选取对电机的性能有很大影响,所以本文分别对不同大小的空气罩下的盘式无铁心永磁电机的气隙磁密进行仿真,由得出的气隙磁密曲线可以得出当空气罩为电机外围尺寸三倍时是最佳的。最后对不同半径处的气隙磁密做了仿真,得到平均半径气隙磁密的幅值最大的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Disk permanent magnet motor is a kind of axial flux motor which developed fastly as high performance servo motor recently. It has many advances such as small volume, low weight, close structure, low moment of inertia of rotor, steady operation and so on. It has been used widely for military affairs, spaceflight, agriculture and daily life as new drive device. The different air gap structures of disk coreless PM motors have been made, specially, disk coreless PM motors of average air gap structure, wedge airgap structure and multi-airgap structure have been concerned widely as a significant research project in recent years.Disk permanent magnet motor is a new sort of permanent magnet motor. So this paper introduced the classification of permanent magnet motor, the present development and the application. And this paper analyzed the performance of the permanent magnetic material and selection criterion, and then we chose Nd2Fe14B as the permanent magnetic material. Secondly, the structure and the parameter calculation of disk permanent magnet motor are also discussed. After that, a coreless disk permanent magnet motor which adopted a one-rotor-two-stators configuration was presented. Specailly, the permanent magnetic material is fixed on the both rotors. Due to the permanent magnet motors with the general permanent magnet arrangement have numerous magnetic flux in yoke and the leakage of magnetic flux is more serious, the text developed a disk coreless PM motor based on Halbach. Halbach permanent magnet arrangement can greatly reduce the magnetic flux in motor’s yoke department. In addition, the struction could reduce the production cost and improve motor’s dynamic performance. Motor’s quality and inertia will decrease. Halbach permanent magnet arrangement has three types in terms of variable angles. This paper analyzed the variable Halbach permanent magnet arrangement by the finite element analysis software Ansoft. Then, we proved the60°arrangement is the most suitable one for simplifying the production of the PM. As the theory of the electromagnetic field for studying the motor is the most important theory, and finite element analysis software Ansoft is the most common tool in the theory of the electromagnetic field, we introduced the theory of the electromagnetic field and the finite element analysis software in the forth section. In the last section,2D and3D modeling simulations of coreless disk PM motor were proposed with the finite element analysis software Ansoft. In the paper, the simulation was presented for the armature magnetic field.The magnetic lines were compared when the disk motor worked in load and unload situation. It could be seen that the two cases do not change a lot. In the3D modeling simulation, the selection of air cover to the performance of motor has very big effect. So diverse air-gap flux density was simulated in the paper, and flux density curve showed that at the condition when the air cover size was three times of peripheral size for motor, the performance was better. Finally the air-gap flux density in different radius was simulated. The air-gap flux density amplitude in average radius was the largest one.更多还原