【作者】 陈育春；

【导师】 王荣珍；

【作者基本信息】 广东外语外贸大学 ， 民商法， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 传统的人格权理论认为，自然人人格权具有人身专属性及非财产性，且随着自然人的出生而产生，随着自然人的死亡而消灭。受此人格权理论影响，我国1986年颁布的《民法通则》作为我国民法体系的基本法，对死者人格利益的保护并无涉及。此后在司法实践中最高法院通过司法解释逐步明确了对死者生前人格利益的保护，受保护的主体转化为死者的近亲属，近亲属仅能主张精神损害赔偿，这一处理方式规避了人格利益专属性和权利能力的限制。随着市场经济的发展，自然人人格利益中的财产利益开始显现，生活中表现为各行各业明星人物的标识性形象被进行商业化利用，其中所蕴藏的经济利益实在可观。但是按照我国当前人格权法相关规定，在自然人死后，其生前人格中蕴藏的财产利益不能由死者近亲属继承，导致近亲属只能主张精神损害赔偿，而无法主张金钱损害赔偿。这种处理方式既损害了死者近亲属的利益，也不利于对死者形象的长期维护。本文在重新审视我国当前对于死者生前人格利益保护机制的基础上，认为有必要将自然人人格利益的内涵从原有的物质性人格利益和精神性人格利益，扩张为物质性、精神性、财产性人格利益三种。与此同时，对自然人人格权专属性理论应当进行适当突破，承认财产性人格利益的可继承性。考虑到当前我国司法实践对于死者生前人格利益采取的是间接保护模式，从保证司法实践统一的角度出发，建议把死者生前财产性人格利益也统一到死者近亲属身上来，进而构建适当的民法保护制度。在我国人格权法独立立法呼声渐高的环境下，对于死者生前财产性人格利益的保护将是立法无可回避的问题，因此，必须在保证司法实践与立法的一致性的同时，实现对死者生前财产性人格利益的妥善保护，这样才能更好地维护社会的公序良俗。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the traditional theory,personality rights,which appear and vanish along with natural person’s life,are exclusive and non‐property.Influenced by this theory,the General Principles of The Civil Law of The People’s Republic of China,published in1986,did not pay any attention to deceased’s personality interests.Thereafter,the Supreme People’s court evades the restriction of the theory,by stipulating that when deceased’s personality interests are invaded in some cases,the deceased’s relatives can get mental compensation as victims.With the rapid development of Chinese market economic,the economic personality interests start to appear.For example,celebrities use their images for commercial propaganda to get some considerable payment.While according to the current regulations,when someone pass away,personality interests vanishes at the same time,his relatives can not inherit the deceased’s economic personality interests.This protection, to some extent,is invading the benefits of the deceased and their relatives.On the basic of reviewing our legal protection for deceased’s personality interests,this article suggest that extending the connotation of personality interests to physical personality interests,mental personality interests and economic personality interests.Furthermore,we should also acknowledge that economic personality interests can be inherited.Considering the indirect protection that our judicial practice has adopted for deceased’s personality interests,we can make deceased’s relatives as victims to request legal protection when deceased’s economic personality interests are invaded.In a word,more and more people are calling for enacting personality right law independently,the appropriate protection for deceased personality interests is also necessary under this circumstance,which can also help constructing the harmonious society.更多还原