【作者】 陈冰夏；

【导师】 谭建成；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 电气工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 电力网电能损耗,简称线损或网损,它是考察供电企业技术力量及经济效益的重要指标之一。如何有效降低电网电能损耗,是各级电力企业迫切需要解决的问题。因此,研究更加精确的理论线损计算方法及行之有效的配网降损措施,为配电网的安全经济运行和实现精细化的线损管理提供参考,有着重要的应用价值和理论意义。本文分析了传统算法引起误差的原因,指出传统算法因采用简化计算造成一定的误差。同时,对几种常用潮流算法的性能作了分析与对比,选择了适合配电网特点的潮流算法(前推回代法)。为提高计算的准确度,本文扩充了传统算法的负荷曲线,引入PQU负荷曲线用来参与三相潮流计算,通过算例分析,检验了该方法是可行的。文中分析了三相不平衡对配电网造成的附加损耗,并通过与三相平衡状态下的线损计算结果定量比较,指出三相不平衡问题在配网中不可忽略,同时也是传统算法造成计算误差的原因之一。文中根据工程实践中现场采集到数据的情况分两种方式进行计算,采用前推回代迭代运算的过程考虑了电压变化对损耗的影响,改善了传统算法的假设条件,计算精度得到提高。文中详述了常用的降低配电网损的技术措施,由于配网中变压器数量较多,故配电变压器损耗在配电网总的电能损耗中占有较大的比例,所以切实降低配电变损耗是制定配电网降损方案的重要部分,同时,为实现线损的精细化管理,三相不平衡问题在配电网线损计算的过程中不可忽略。本文利用实际配电网的各项实测数据进行理论计算,数据具有真实性和可靠性,通过对计算结果对比与分析,验证了本文方法,相比传统算法,计算准确度得到提高最后,本文根据理论计算结果,提出了一些具体的降损方案,并通过计算,说明了方案的可行性。通过论文课题的研究,认识到配电网尤其是农村电网,影响线损的因素较多,涉及技术降损方案较多,如何将各种方案最优的组合起来将是今后配网降损攻克的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy loss in power grids referred to line loss, is an important technical and economic indicators of power supply enterprises. How to effectively reduce the grid power loss and improve the economic efficiency of enterprises is an urgent issue at all levels. To reduce the line loss further, more accurate theoretical line loss calculation is needed, and the calculation results would provide theoretical reference for safe and economic operation of distribution network and the strengthening of the line loss management.This paper analyzes traditional line loss calculation algorithms and their associated computing performance and errors. The paper uses the load flow algorithm suitable for distribution network characteristics (forward/backward method). In order to improve the accuracy of the calculation, the introduction of PQU load curve is brought in and is used to calculate three-phase power flow, and it is feasible via example analysis. This paper calculates the extra loss of three-phase unbalanced distribution network. Compared with the loss of three-phase balanced in the same line, the three-phase unbalance in the distribution network can’t be ignored, which is not considered in traditional methods. In this paper, the iterative calculation of forward/backward method contains the loss of changing voltage, and improves the assumptions of the traditional algorithms and makes more accurate calculation.Technical measures aiming for line loss reduction are discussed in the paper. Due to high transformer loss in the total loss of distribution network, loss incurred due to tri-phase unbalance cannot be ignored. In this paper, the data from actual distribution network are used in line loss calculation, it is proved that the proposed method is effective and feasible. Finally, the corresponding loss-reducing measures are proposed, and simulation results illustrate its feasibility.更多还原