【摘要】 由于工程地质条件复杂，吐哈油田胜北构造带中侏罗统七克台、三间房组致密气藏的水平井钻探存在钻井周期长、机械钻速低、复杂事故频发等问题，严重制约了该区块水平井钻井综合效益的提升。为此，在分析胜北区块钻井工程难点的基础上，通过优化井身结构、优化井眼轨迹设计与控制、研发抗高温复合盐弱凝胶钻井液体系、优选符合各井段地层抗钻特性的个性化钻头、分井段设计减阻提速的钻具组合，初步形成了一套适合吐哈油田胜北区块的小井眼水平井优快钻井技术。通过胜北1101H井先导试验表明：(1)井身结构“瘦身”为小三开，技术套管下至三间房组储层上部砂层，完全封固上部易坍塌泥岩，实现三开储层专打，在加强安全钻井配套措施的基础上，小三开更具经济性及合理性；(2)复合盐弱凝胶钻井液体系具有较强的抑制、封堵防塌剂润滑携带性能，能够有效抑制上侏罗统齐古组、七克台组大段暗色泥岩坍塌，确保了二开长裸眼造斜段安全作业及水平段有效延伸；(3)针对各个地层岩性特征优选的高效PDC钻头对复杂地层具有良好的适应性，基于高效钻头、提速工具、安全钻井配套工具及高性能钻井液的分段钻井提速技术能有效提高机械钻速，确保了油层钻遇率，降低了钻井成本。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Shengbei structural belt, Tuha oilfield, owing to complex engineering and geological conditions, lot of horizontal-well practice in tight gas reservoirs of Qiketai and Sanjianfang formations often confronts such challenges as long drilling time, low ROP,and frequent complexities, which may seriously restrict the drilling efficiency. So, some drilling difficulty in Shenbei block was analyzed. Then, through optimizing casing program, controlling wellbore trajectory, developing one drilling-fluid system of high-temperature resistant composite salt free gel, using specific drilling bit, and designing certain BHA to reduce friction while increase rate by well section, an optimized and fast horizontal-well drilling technology with slim hole, which is suitable for tight gas reservoirs in Shengbei block, has been developed. A pilot test on SB1101H well reveals that(1) the casing program is slimmed to a three-spud system. The intermediate casing is lowered to sandstone of top Sanjianfang Formation, and the collapsible top mudstone is completely cemented, so that the whole reservoirs can be drilled by this three-spud system. Given safe drilling measures enhanced, this system is more economical and reasonable;(2) the developed drilling-fluid system is highly capable of carrying inhibitor and anti-collapse agent to help effectively restrain the collapse of thick dark mudstone in both Qigu and Qiketai formations, and ensure the safe operation in long openhole build-up section in the second spud and the effective extension of horizontal section; and(3) the PDC bit selected depending on lithologic property is adaptable to complex subsurface conditions. Integrating a penetration increasing technology to PDC bit, rate-enhancing tool, safe drilling assembly, and high-performance drilling fluid may guarantee high ROP and drill-in rate under low cost.更多还原