【摘要】 以光谱为探测手段和分析技术的光谱力学已成为实验力学领域新发展起来的技术分支。相比光测技术，光谱技术提供了更为丰富的信息维度，且通常兼具无损伤、非接触、高测试效率和高空间分辨等特点，适用于原位、在线的实验应力分析。近年来，包括显微拉曼、荧光光谱、太赫兹波时域光谱以及X射线衍射等技术得到快速发展，同时还涌现出包括布里渊散射光谱、光学相干弹性成像、高光谱、反射光谱、二次谐波等新的光谱技术。本文首先对显微拉曼、荧光光谱、太赫兹波时域光谱以及X射线衍射这4类典型的光谱技术的力学表征基本原理、特点以及近期代表性成果进行简要论述，随后重点对5种最新发展的光谱力学技术的原理、优势、成果和发展亟需突破的瓶颈开展论述，最后通过横向对比，讨论了光谱力学未来发展的主要趋势和方向。本文旨在为从事力学及其交叉学科领域的科研工作者在实验研究方面提供较为系统的信息参考，希望通过这篇对光谱力学领域各方法的综述，让对光谱力学感兴趣的青年科研人员对本领域可以有系统性的全面认知。更多还原

【Abstract】 Spectral mechanics have emerged as a new branch in the field of experimental mechanics by using spectroscopies as measuring methods and analyzing techniques. Compared with photomechanical methods, spectral techniques provide an abundant dimension of information with the ability to achieve on-contact, non-destructive measurement, high spatial resolution and enhanced testing efficiency, which are suitable for in-situ and online experimental stress analyses. In recent years, several spectroscopic techniques were developing rapidly, including micro-Raman spectroscopy, micro-fluorescence spectroscopy, Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Additionally, some novel spectroscopic methods were also introduced to experimental studies relative to mechanics, such as Brillouin scattering spectroscopy, optical coherence elastography, hyperspectral imaging, spectral reflectometry, and second harmonic generation. In this paper, the basic principles, features, and recent representative achievements of the former four well-studied spectral techniques were briefly summarized. Then, focusing on the latter five newly developed spectral methods, the principles, advantages, pioneering achievements and current bottlenecks of which were detailedly presented. Finally, the main trends and directions for the future developments of spectral mechanics were discussed. This review aims to present a systematic reference for researchers engaged in experimental research of mechanics and interdisciplinary studies, and offer a systematic understanding of the field for young researchers interested in spectral mechanics.更多还原