【摘要】 相变理论是热力学课程中的重要内容,一般教材中都会对克拉珀龙方程、爱伦费斯特方程和朗道的有序相变理论进行介绍,内容体系庞大、方程较多,缺乏逻辑主线。如果在教学过程中从一级相变、二级相变的定义出发,沿着理论发展脉络,分别推导描述相变平衡曲线的方程,介绍理论发展的历史过程,理清不同方程之间的逻辑关系,则有利于提高学生的科学思维能力,提高热力学课程的教学效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Phase transition theory is an important and difficult content in thermodynamics course. In general text books, Clapeyron’s equation, Ehrenfest’s equation and Landau’s phase transition theory are commonly introduced with huge content and equations but without clear clarification of the logical relation among them. In order to facilitate the teaching of phase transition theory, this article elaborated Clapeyron’s and Ehrenfest’s equations for the first and the second order phase transitions, respectively, and introduced Landau’s continuous phase transition theory with a description of the contradiction between Ehrenfest’s equation and Gibbs’ function. The clarification of the relationship of above three different theories not only highlight the physical thought, but also develop the students’ scientific thinking and improve the teaching effect of the thermodynamics course greatly.更多还原