【摘要】 草地生态系统的退化严重影响全球生态安全,因此探索便捷有效的草地生态恢复技术刻不容缓。本文以Web of Science核心数据库和CNKI数据库中2000–2018年有关草地生态修复的文献为数据源,对国内外草地恢复技术的研究现状和发展趋势进行了整理分析,同时整理分析了不同生态恢复技术在我国的实施效果。结果表明,我国在草地生态恢复方面的研究呈不断上升趋势,论文数量已跃居世界第二。我国的草地生态恢复技术共有20种,主要为免耕补播、草地翻耕和减畜。相较于国外,我国利用围栏封育发表的文章相对较多,而利用火烧、刈割和控制杂草发表的文章相对较少。此外,我国缺少在干草覆盖和草皮移植技术方面的研究报道,而草方格沙障和草地灭鼠是我国特有的草地生态恢复技术。从实施效果来看,不同生态恢复技术对退化草地均具有积极的恢复效果,但对不同生态恢复目标产生的结果存在较大差异。本文通过分析,对我国退化草地的恢复研究提出了合理建议,为我国未来退化草地的恢复研究提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The degradation of grassland ecosystems seriously affects global ecological security, and it is therefore imperative to explore convenient and effective ecological restoration techniques. By utilizing the literature in the Web of Science core database and CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from 2000 to 2018, this paper compared the research status and development trends of grassland restoration technology in China and abroad, and analyzed the implementation effects of different ecological restoration techniques in China. The results showed that research on grassland ecological restoration in China has an increasing trend, with the number of published papers ranking second in the world. At present, there are 20 different kinds of grassland ecological restoration techniques used in China, the main ones including resowing, ploughing,and reasonable grazing. In China, more articles have been published on using fencing than in other countries, but fewer on using fire, mowing, and weed control. In addition, there is a lack of studies on techniques using hay spreading and turf transfer, while the straw checkerboard barriers and grassland deratization are unique to China. In terms of implementation effect, all the ecological restoration technologies showed positive recovery effects on degraded grassland, but the results vary between different ecological restoration targets. This paper puts forward reasonable suggestions for further research on the restoration of degraded grassland in China, aiming to provide scientific direction for future grassland restoration in China.更多还原