【摘要】 本文采用实测资料分析和泥沙数学模型计算等方法对潼关高程的稳定降低和渭河下游河道的综合治理等重要问题进行了研究,得到了如下认识:(1)潼关是三门峡库区的天然卡口和渭河下游河道的侵蚀基准面,从减少渭河下游淤积、减轻渭河下游洪涝灾害及改善渭河流域生态环境等方面考虑,降低潼关高程是十分必要的;(2)通过调整三门峡水库运用水位,潼关高程是可以降低的,但不同的来水来沙条件下降低的程度是不同的,近期目标可确定为下降1m,采用多种措施的组合后的中长期目标可确定为下降2m;(3)潼关高程降低到相对稳定的状态一般需要4～8年,这与来水来沙条件和三门峡水库运用方式有关;(4)建议三门峡水库运用水位近期采用汛期敞泄、非汛期控制在312～318m范围内的方案,综合考虑后认为非汛期水位目前控制在315m较好;(5)渭河下游河道的治理应采取包括降低潼关高程、河道整治与疏浚、加高加固堤防和跨流域调水等综合措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Stable lowering of Tongguan elevation and comprehensive regulation of the lower Weihe River(LWR)were investigated by using field data analysis and mathematical modeling.The results can be summarized as follows:(1)Tongguan is the natural gorge of the Sanmenxia Reservoir.As the base level of erosion of LWR,the bed elevation at Tongguan station should be lowered in order to reduce siltation,to alleviate flood disasters and to improve eco-environment of LWR;(2) By means of adjusting the current operation mode of Sanmenxia reservoir,the Tongguan bed elevation could be lowered with is short-term target of 1.0m and the long-term target of 2.0m;(3) It will take about 4 to 8 years to lower Tongguan bed elevation to a relative stable status,depending on both incoming flow/sediment and reservoir operation model;(4)In the near future,for Sanmenxia reservoir,an operation mode of ungated discharging should be used in flood season with the operation water level in dry season setting at 312-318m.The upper limit of operation water level in dry season at 315m is recommended;(5) Comprehensive measures,including lowering Tongguan bed elevation,river regulation and dredging,levee heightering and stabilization as well as diverting water from other basins should be adopted for regulating LWR.更多还原