【摘要】 目前的电催化高级氧化技术普遍使用平板电极,因为传质受阻在降解污染物方面具有降解不彻底的缺点,限制了其在电催化降解污染物的应用.多孔碳纳米膜作为一种新型电极,因其较大的比表面积,提供较多反应活性位点,可以有效地改善传质效率,从而克服此传统技术的缺点,在近年来得到广泛应用.本文首先综述了使用高分子聚合物制备碳纳米膜的方法,主要包括静电纺丝技术(EST)、化学气相沉积法(CVD)和模板法,分别介绍了每种技术的原理和操作方法,并展示每种方法的实际应用的实例.其中静电纺丝技术具有可以制备取向碳纳米纤维并有助于碳纳米纤维改性的优点.其次总结了碳膜电催化降解含抗生素、染料分子和其他有机物的污水的研究进展,对不同条件下电催化降解有机物的效果进行综述,大部分研究均通过在碳纳米膜上添加金属、金属氧化物和金属有机框架(MOF)来使电极的性能得到优化.最后阐述了电化学高级氧化的机理、电极效应及主要的检测自由基的方法,分别从直接氧化和间接氧化两个方面介绍了电化学高级氧化的机理,并通过公式进行具体论证;列举了电催化过程中可能产生的电极效应对有机物降解的影响;检测自由基的方法主要总结了淬灭法和探针法,并阐述了其原理和争议,并对碳纳米膜电催化降解废水的发展进行展望.更多还原

【Abstract】 Advanced electrocatalytic oxidation technology generally uses plate electrodes, because the hindered mass transfer has disadvantages of incomplete degradation, which limits the application of electrocatalytic degradation of pollutants. As a new type of electrode, porous carbon nanomembranes can effectively improve the mass transfer efficiency, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of traditional technology, it have been widely used in recent years. In this paper, the methods for preparing carbon films are reviewed, including electrospinning technology(EST), chemical vapor deposition(CVD) and template method, the principles and operating methods of the different techniques are introduced separately, and examples of the practical application of each method are given. Among them, electrospinning technology has the advantages of facilitating the modification of carbon films and the preparation of oriented carbon membranes. Secondly, the research on the electrocatalytic degradation of wastewater containing antibiotics, dye molecules and other organic compounds by carbon membrane is summarized, the universality of electrocatalysis is illustrated from the effective degradation results of carbon membranes for different organic compounds, the high efficiency, cleanliness and reproducibility of carbon membranes as electrodes for electrocatalytic degradation of wastewater are further demonstrated by different studies. These studies have further improved the performance of carbon membrane as electrodes by adding metals, metal oxides and metal-organic frameworks to the carbon membranes. Finally, the mechanism of electrochemical advanced oxidation, effect of electrode and main detection methods of free radicals are described, the mechanism of electrochemical advanced oxidation is introduced in terms of direct and indirect oxidation, and specific demonstration is made through equations, the possible electrode effects and their influence on electrocatalytic degradation of wastewater are cited as example. The methods of detecting free radicals are mainly introduced as quenching method and probe method, the principles and controversies are explained, and the development of carbon film electrocatalytic degradation of wastewater is prospected.更多还原