【摘要】 目的:建立中、晚期妊娠胎儿后颅窝池宽度(widthofposteriorcranialfossa,WPCF)的超声检测参考值,探讨WPCF与胎儿畸形及染色体异常的关系。方法:常规经腹超声检测妊娠14~41周2848例胎儿WPCF,并随访至胎儿出生后。结果:接受检测的2848例胎儿中,正常2772例,出生缺陷儿76例。发现正常胎儿WPCF在32周之前随孕周增加而增宽,33周之后随孕周的增加而缩窄,最大宽度为13.4mm;正常胎儿WPCF≥8mm发生率占8.84%,畸形儿占17.46%,畸形儿发生率明显高于正常儿。大部分染色体异常胎儿在中期妊娠时WPCF正常,至晚期妊娠时部分明显增宽。部分畸形胎儿如脑积水、典型Dandy-Walker综合症等WPCF明显增宽。结论:WPCF随孕周而变化,32周之前随孕周的增加而增宽,但33周之后随孕周的增加而变窄,29~32周最易检测。部分染色体异常和/或某些先天畸形胎儿妊晚期WPCF明显增宽。中晚期妊娠时WPCF≥10mm时应密切随访,WPCF≥14mm者应建议做产前诊断。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To examine the normal range of the width of posterior cranial fossa (WPCF) in the second and third trimester by ultrasonography, and to investigate its relationship with fetal congenital and chromosome abnormality. Methods WPCF of 2484 fetus (gestational age from 14 to 41 weeks) was measured by ultrasonograph routinely, and the infants were followed up. Results In 2848 fetus, 2772 were normal and 76 were abnormal. WPCF increased before 32 weeks, decreased after 33 weeks, the largest value of WPCF was 13.4mm. The ocurrence rate of WPCF≥8mm in normal fetus was 8.84%, and that in abnormal fetus was 17.46%. Most fetuses with chromosome abnormality had normal WPCF in the second trimester, but some fetuses with remarkable broadening in the late stage. Some abnormal fetuses (such as water head, Dandy- Walker’s syndrome etc) showed significant extension of WPCF. Conclusion WPCF increases before 32 weeks, decreases after 33 weeks;and can be easily measured during 29~32 weeks. WPCF of some fetus with chromosome abnormality or with conqenital abnormality is remarkably broadened in the late stage. The fetus of WPCF≥10mm should be followed up closely, and antenatal diagnosis should be done if WPCF is more than 14mm.更多还原